Leonid Kravchuk

Leonid Kravchuk
Леонід Кравчук
Kravchuk in 1991
1st President of Ukraine
In office 5 December 1991 – 19 July 1994 Acting: 24 August – 5 December 1991
Prime Minister	Vitold Fokin Leonid Kuchma Vitaliy Masol
Preceded by	Mykola Plaviuk (as the last President in exile)[a] Himself (as Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada)
Succeeded by	Leonid Kuchma
1st Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada
In office 24 August 1991 – 5 December 1991
Preceded by	Himself (as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet)
Succeeded by	Ivan Plyushch
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR
In office 23 July 1990 – 24 August 1991
Preceded by	Vladimir Ivashko
Succeeded by	Himself (as Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and President of Ukraine)
Member of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of Ukraine
In office 4 June 1988 – 5 December 1990
People's Deputy of Ukraine
In office 15 May 1990 – 5 December 1991
Constituency	Vinnytsia Oblast, No. 39 (1990–1991)[1]
In office 25 September 1994 – 25 May 2006
Constituency	Ternopil Oblast, No. 364 (1994–1998)[2] SDPU(o), No. 1 (1998–2002)[3] SDPU(o), No. 5 (2002–2006)[4]
Personal details
Born	(1934-01-10)10 January 1934 Żytyń Wielki, Wołyń Voivodeship, Poland (now Velykyi Zhytyn, Rivne Oblast, Ukraine)
Died	10 May 2022(2022-05-10) (aged 88) Munich, Germany
Resting place	Baikove Cemetery, Kyiv, Ukraine
Political party	Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) (1994–2009)
Other political affiliations	Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1958–1991) Independent (1991–1994)
Spouse	Antonina Mishura ​ (m. 1957)​
Children	1
Residence(s)	Koncha-Zaspa, Kyiv, Ukraine
Alma mater	Kyiv State University (1958) Academy of Social Sciences of the CPSU [bg] (1970)
Occupation	Politician
Signature
Leonid Kravchuk's voice Kravchuk during a press conference with U.S. President Bill Clinton Recorded 12 January 1994

Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk (Ukrainian: Леонід Макарович Кравчук, IPA: [ɫeoˈnid mɐˈkɑɾoʋɘt͡ʃ kɾɐʊˈt͡ʃuk]; 10 January 1934 – 10 May 2022) was a Ukrainian politician and the first president of Ukraine, serving from 5 December 1991 until 19 July 1994. In 1992, he signed the Lisbon Protocol, undertaking to give up Ukraine's nuclear arsenal. He was also the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and a People's Deputy of Ukraine serving in the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) faction.

After a political crisis involving the president and the prime minister, Kravchuk resigned from the presidency, but ran for a second term as president in 1994. He was defeated by his former prime minister, Leonid Kuchma, who then served as president for two terms. After his presidency, Kravchuk remained active in Ukrainian politics, serving as a People's Deputy of Ukraine in the Verkhovna Rada and the leader of the parliamentary group of Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) from 2002 to 2006.

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