Lepontic language

Lepontic
Lepontic inscription from Prestino (Como, Italy)
Region	Cisalpine Gaul
Ethnicity	Lepontii
Era	attested 550–100 BC
Language family	Indo-European Celtic Lepontic
Writing system	Lugano alphabet (a variant of Old Italic)
Language codes
ISO 639-3	xlp
Linguist List	xlp
Glottolog	lepo1240
Map showing the position of the Insubres and Lepontii in or near Gallia Transpadana.

Lepontic is an ancient Alpine Celtic language^[1][2] that was spoken in parts of Rhaetia and Cisalpine Gaul (now Northern Italy) between 550 and 100 BC. Lepontic is attested in inscriptions found in an area centered on Lugano, Switzerland, and including the Lake Como and Lake Maggiore areas of Italy. Being a Celtic language, its name could derive from Proto-Celtic *leik^wontio- (which also was the basis of Lepontina, which became the modern (Val) Leventina).^[3]

While some recent scholarship (e.g. Eska 1998) has tended to consider Lepontic simply as an early outlying form of Gaulish and closely akin to other, later attestations of Gaulish in Italy (Cisalpine Gaulish), some scholars (notably Lejeune 1971) continue to view it as a distinct Continental Celtic language.^[1][4][5] In this latter view, the earlier inscriptions found within a 50 km radius of Lugano are considered Lepontic, while the later ones, to the immediate south of this area, are considered Cisalpine Gaulish.^[6][7]

Lepontic was assimilated first by Gaulish, with the settlement of Gallic tribes north of the River Po, and then by Latin, after the Roman Republic gained control over Gallia Cisalpina during the late 2nd and 1st century BC.