Lords Appellant

A Victorian depiction of the Lords Appellant throwing down their gauntlets to King Richard II.
From left to right: Arundel; Gloucester; Mowbray; Bolingbroke (later Henry IV); and Warwick.

The Lords Appellant were a group of nobles in the reign of King Richard II, who, in 1388,[1] sought to impeach five of the King's favourites in order to restrain what was seen as tyrannical and capricious rule. The word appellant — still used in modern English by attorneys — simply means '[one who is] appealing'. It is the older (Norman) French form of the present participle of the verb appeler, the equivalent of the English 'to appeal'. The group was called the Lords Appellant because its members invoked a procedure under law to start prosecution of the King's unpopular favourites known as 'an appeal': the favourites were charged in a document called an "appeal of treason", a device borrowed from civil law which led to some procedural complications.[2]

  1. ^ "STAFFORD, Sir Humphrey I (d.1413), of Southwick in North Bradley, Wilts. And Hooke, Dorset. | History of Parliament Online".
  2. ^ Anthony Tuck, ‘Lords appellant (act. 1387–1388)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Sept 2010 accessed 12 Oct 2010