Ma Zhongying

In this Chinese name, the family name is Ma.
Ma Zhongying
Ma Zhongying as pictured in The Most Recent Biographies of Chinese Dignitaries
Nickname(s)Ga Ssu-ling ("Baby General" or "Little Commander")[1] or "Big Horse"[2]
Born馬仲英 1910
Linxia County, Gansu, Qing China
DiedAfter 1936
AllegianceFlag of the Republic of China Republic of China
Years of service1929–1934
RankGeneral
UnitNew 36th Division
CommandsChief of the New 36th Division
Battles / warsCentral Plains War, Kumul Rebellion, First Battle of Urumqi (1933), Soviet Invasion of Xinjiang, Battle of Kashgar (1934), Battle of Khotan
Flag of Twelve Rays Sun in Blue Sky. It was used by Hui warlords who allied themselves with Kuomintang Nanjing and Chiang Kai-shek.

Ma Zhongying, also Ma Chung-ying (traditional Chinese: 馬仲英; simplified Chinese: 马仲英; pinyin: Mǎ Zhòngyīng; Wade–Giles: Ma Chung-ying, Xiao'erjing: مَا جٌ‌یِئٍ; c. 1910 or 1908 – after 1936), nickname Commander Ga (尕司令, lit.youngster commander), was a Hui Chinese Muslim warlord during the Warlord era of China. His birth name was Ma Buying (traditional Chinese: 馬步英; simplified Chinese: 马步英; pinyin: Mǎ Bùyīng; Wade–Giles: Ma Pu-ying).[3][4][5] Ma was a warlord of Gansu Province in China during the 1930s. His alliance with the Kuomintang (KMT) brought his predominantly Chinese Muslim troops under the control of the KMT as the New 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army) with Ma Zhongying as its commander. He was ordered to overthrow Jin Shuren, the governor of Xinjiang. After several victories over provincial and White Russian forces, he attempted to expand his territory into southern Xinjiang by launching campaigns from his power base in Gansu, but was stopped by Xinjiang warlord Sheng Shicai with Soviet support in 1934.[6]

  1. ^ Andrew D.W. Forbes (1986). Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: A Political History of Republican Sinkiang 1911–1949. Cambridge, England: CUP Archive. p. 52. ISBN 0-521-25514-7.
  2. ^ Hedin, Sven, The Flight of Big Horse, New York: E.P. Dutton & Co., 1936.
  3. ^ James A. Millward (2007). Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang. Columbia University Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-231-13924-3. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
  4. ^ "近現代人物資訊整合系統 - 馬仲英" (in Traditional Chinese). Academia Sinica Institute of Modern History. Archived from the original on 2023-11-12. Retrieved 2023-11-12. 馬仲英 異名 馬步英 姓名：馬仲英 字號：原名步英、字子才
  5. ^ ""尕司令"马仲英" (in Simplified Chinese). Xinhuanet Gansu Branch. Archived from the original on 2017-03-05. Retrieved 2016-05-18.
  6. ^ Who's Who in China; Biographies of Chinese Leaders. Shanghai: THE CHINA WEEKLY REVIEW. 1936. p. 184. Retrieved 24 April 2014.