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The Madras Forest Act of 1882 enacted by British colonial government, closed off large areas of the forest in the Gudem Hills of Madras Presidency (present-day Andhra Pradesh). This restricted the free movement of the Adivasis in their forest habitats, prevented them from grazing their cattle, collecting firewood and food, and practicing their traditional form of agriculture called podu.[1] The act is also known as the Tamil Nadu Forest Act, post-bifurcation of Madras state and its renaming.