Malacca

This article is about the Malaysian state. For other uses, see Malacca (disambiguation). For similar terms, see Malaka.

Malacca
Melaka
State
Other transcription(s)
 • Jawiملاک‎
 • Chinese马六甲 (Simplified)
馬六甲 (Traditional)
Mǎliùjiǎ (Hanyu Pinyin)
 • Tamilமலாக்கா
Malākkā (Transliteration)
 • KristangMalaká
Flag of Malacca
Flag
Coat of arms of Malacca
Coat of arms
Nickname(s): 
Negeri Bersejarah
The Historic State
Motto: 
Bersatu Teguh
Firmly United
Anthem: "Melaka Maju Jaya"
"Malacca, Onwards Come!"
Map showing the location of the state of Malacca within Malaysia
   Malacca in    Malaysia
Country Malaysia
Malacca Sultanate15th century
Portuguese control[1]24 August 1511
Dutch control[2][3]14 January 1641
British control[2][3][4][5]17 March 1824
Japanese occupation[6][7]11 January 1942
Malayan Union[8]1 April 1946
Federation of Malaya independence[9][10]31 August 1957
Proclamation of Malaysia16 September 1963
Capital
and largest city
Malacca City[a]
2°12′N 102°15′E / 2.200°N 102.250°E / 2.200; 102.250
Ethnic groups
(2020)[11]
Religion
(2020)[11]
Demonym(s)Malaccan
GovernmentParliamentary
Mohd Ali Rustam
Ab Rauf Yusoh
(BN–UMNO)
LegislatureLegislative Assembly
Area
• Total
1,775 km2 (685 sq mi) (11th)
Highest elevation
(Bukit Gapis)
512 m (1,680 ft)
Population
• 2023 census
1,027,500
• Density
622/km2 (1,611.0/sq mi) (6th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
$38.745 billion (11th)
• Per capita
$37,708 (6th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
$12.150 billion (11th)
• Per capita
$11,825 (6th)
Gini (2022)Positive decrease 0.370[12]
low
HDI (2022)Decrease 0.810
very high · 8th
CurrencyMalaysian ringgit (RM/MYR)
Time zoneUTC+8 (Malaysian Time)
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+606-2, +606-3, +606-5
Postal code
75xxx to 78xxx
ISO 3166 codeMY-04
Websitewww.melaka.gov.my
^[a] Ayer Keroh, Hang Tuah Jaya is the state administrative centre and the seat of the Malacca state government (executive branch & legislative branch). However, Malacca City remains the official capital of the Malacca state.
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Malacca (Malay: Melaka), officially the Historic State of Malacca (Malay: Melaka Negeri Bersejarah), is a state in Malaysia located in the southern region of the Malay Peninsula, facing the Strait of Malacca. The state is bordered by Negeri Sembilan to the north and west and Johor to the south. The exclave of Tanjung Tuan also borders Negeri Sembilan to the north. Its capital is Malacca City, which has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 7 July 2008.[14][15]

Malacca has diverse tropical rainforest and experiences an equatorial climate. Situated immediately south of the Titiwangsa Mountains, the state is mostly level and dotted with inselbergs, with Bukit Gapis as the highest point.

Although it was the location of one of the earliest Malay sultanates, namely the Malacca Sultanate, the local monarchy was abolished when the Portuguese conquered it in 1511. The head of state is the Yang di-Pertua Negeri or Governor, rather than a sultan. Malacca is noted for its unique history and it is one of the major tourist destinations in Malaysia. With a highly strategic state position for international trade routes, Malacca was once a well-known international trade centre in the East. Many traders anchored in Malacca, especially traders from Arabia, China and India, traded at the port of Malacca and from there were born many of the descendants and tribes that exist in Malacca to this day.

A great diversity of races and ethnicities have long existed among the local community reflecting its history. Malays, Chinese, Indians, Baba Nyonya, Kristang, Chitty, Temuan and Eurasians are significant ethnic groups living in the State of Malacca in the present day.[16][17][18]

  1. ^ Headrick (2010), pp. 63
  2. ^ a b "Melaka Jatuh Ke Tangan Belanda -". hids.arkib.gov.my. Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  3. ^ a b Mat Rofa Ismail (2015). Kerdipan Bintang Melayu Dilangit Turki. Alaf 21. ISBN 9789678604864 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ Wong, John; Zou, Keyuan; Zeng, Huaqun, eds. (2006). China-ASEAN Relations: Economic and Legal Dimensions. Singapore: World Scientific. ISBN 9789814478618.
  5. ^ "Signing of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty (Treaty of London) of 1824 - Singapore History". eresources.nlb.gov.sg.
  6. ^ Singapore, National Library Board. "Malayan Campaign - Infopedia". eresources.nlb.gov.sg.
  7. ^ "Info" (PDF). studentsrepo.um.edu.my.
  8. ^ "Penubuhan Malayan Union". hids.arkib.gov.my. Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  9. ^ "Federation of Malaya is inaugurated - Singapore History". eresources.nlb.gov.sg.
  10. ^ "Official Portal of Malaysia National Archives". Arkib.gov.my. Archived from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  11. ^ a b "Key Findings of Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2020" (pdf) (in Malay and English). Department of Statistics, Malaysia. ISBN 978-967-2000-85-3.
  12. ^ "Laporan Sosioekonomi Negeri Melaka 2023". Department of Statistics Malaysia (in Malay). August 2024. ISSN 2600-9897.
  13. ^ "Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010". Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. p. 27. Archived from the original on 27 December 2010. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
  14. ^ "Community Involvement for Sustainable World Heritage Sites: The Melaka Case" (PDF). web.usm.my. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 December 2018.
  15. ^ "Making Melaka liveable, resilient, and future-proof". Star2.com. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
  16. ^ Ravichandran Moorthy (2009). "The Evolution of the Chitty Community of Melaka" (PDF). Jebat: Malaysian Journal of History, Politics & Strategic Studies. 36: 1–15.
  17. ^ "Plone site".
  18. ^ "Eurasian community". Singapore Infopedia. 2013.