 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009) |
| Marasca cherry | |
|---|---|
 Prunus cerasus in Otto Wilhelm Thomé, Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz, 1886 | |
| Genus | Prunus |
| Species | Prunus cerasus |
| Cultivar | 'Marasca' |
| Origin | Dalmatia |
The marasca cherry (Latin: Prunus cerasus var. marasca, Croatian: višnja maraska) is a type of sour Morello cherry known only from cultivation.[1] It is reputed to attain its finest flavor when grown in coastal Croatia (specifically Dalmatia).[2]
The fruit's largest yield is in Zadar in Croatia, but it has been successfully cultivated in northern Italy, Slovenia, southern Hungary and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
It has become naturalized in North America,[3] though, while this is the original base cherry used for it, the maraschino cherry of American commerce is the Royal Ann variety of sweet cherry. The variety was first published by Roberto de Visiani in Flora dalmatica, 1850.[4]
The name marasca comes from the Italian word amarasca, from amaro, which stems from the Latin word amārus (meaning 'bitter').[citation needed]
Compared to other cherries, the fruit of the marasca cherry tree is small, with anthocyanins accounting for its dark, near black colour.[5]
Its bitter taste and drier pulp make marasca cherries ideal for creating fine cherry liqueur.
By definition,[6] true Maraschino liqueur is supposed to be made only from marasca cherries.
- ^ Noted as feral (verwildert) around Cattaro (Kotor) Dalmatia, in C. Studniczka, Beiträge zur Flora von Süddalmatien 1890:75.
- ^ Strikić, Frane; Radunić, Mira; Vuletin Selak, Gabriela; Čmelik, Zlatko; Družić, Jasmina, "Comparative Advantages of Sour Cherry 'Marasca' (Prunus cerasus L. var. Marasca) cultivation in Croatia" International conference of "Perspectives in European Fruit Growing", Lednice, Češka Republika, 18-20. October 2006 (on-line abstract).
- ^ The Timber Press Dictionary of Plant Names 2010, s.v. "Prunus" 609.
- ^ "Flora dalmatica, 1842-52: vol. 3:258 1850". Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2018-01-11.
- ^ Branka Levaj, Verica Dragović-Uzelac, Sandra Pedisić, Dubravka Škevin, "Effect of maturity and geographical region on Aathocyanin content of sour cherries (Prunus cerasus var. marasca), Food Technology & Biotechnology, January 2010 [(on-line abstract ]
- ^ "maraschino". Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition. HarperCollins Publishers. 20 Jun. 2013. <Dictionary.com http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/maraschino>.