Mary Phillips may refer to:
- Mary Catherine Phillips (1903–1981), American consumer advocate and author
- Mary Elizabeth Phillips (physician) (1875–1956), Welsh first woman from Cardiff University to qualify as a medical doctor
- Mary G. Phillips (1903–1980), superintendent of the United States Army Nurse Corps
- Mary Hakken-Phillips, American attorney and politician
- Mary Jane Phillips (1931–2024), Canadian chemical engineer
- Mary Louise Phillips, American neuropsychiatry researcher at the University of Pittsburgh
- Beth Phillips (Mary Elizabeth Phillips, born 1969), United States district judge
- Mary Phillips (suffragette) (1880–1969), English suffragette, feminist, and socialist
- Mary Walker Phillips (1923–2007), American artist, author, and teacher