Mary Robinson (born 1944) was President of Ireland from 1990 to 1997 and United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights from 1997 to 2002.
Mary Robinson may also refer to:
- Mary Robinson (poet) (1757–1800), English actress, poet, and novelist
- Agnes Mary Frances Robinson (later Duclaux; 1857–1944) English poet and literary critic; most frequently cited as Mary F. Robinson
- Mary Robinson (British politician) (born 1955), British Conservative Party politician, MP for Cheadle since May 2015
- Mary Robinson (Maid of Buttermere) (1778–1837), "The Maid of Buttermere", subject of Melvyn Bragg's novel of that name
- Mary Kapuahualani Robinson (1896/7-1978), Hawaii Territorial Senator and businesswoman
- Mary Lou Robinson (1926–2019), United States federal judge
- Mary Robinson (Canadian politician) (born 1970), Canadian politician