| Mastitis | |
|---|---|
| Other names | mammitis; garget |
_(14768289625).jpg) | |
| Colorized photo illustrating mastitis, 1908 | |
| Pronunciation | |
| Specialty | Gynecology |
| Symptoms | Localized breast pain and redness, fever[1] |
| Complications | Abscess[2] |
| Usual onset | Rapid[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms[2] |
| Differential diagnosis | Plugged milk duct,[3] breast engorgement,[4] breast cancer (rare)[1] |
| Prevention | Frequent breastfeeding with good technique[2] |
| Treatment | Antibiotics (cephalexin), ibuprofen[2][1] |
| Frequency | 10% of breastfeeding women[2] |
Mastitis is inflammation of the breast or udder, usually associated with breastfeeding.[1][5][6] Symptoms typically include local pain and redness.[1] There is often an associated fever and general soreness.[1] Onset is typically fairly rapid and usually occurs within the first few months of delivery.[1] Complications can include abscess formation.[2]
Risk factors include poor latch, cracked nipples, use of a breast pump, and weaning.[1] The bacteria most commonly involved are Staphylococcus and Streptococci.[1] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms.[2] Ultrasound may be useful for detecting a potential abscess.[1]
Prevention of this breastfeeding difficulty is by proper breastfeeding techniques.[2] When infection is present, antibiotics such as cephalexin may be recommended.[2] Breastfeeding should typically be continued, as emptying the breast is important for healing.[2][1] Tentative evidence supports benefits from probiotics.[1] About 10% of breastfeeding women are affected.[2]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Berens PD (December 2015). "Breast Pain: Engorgement, Nipple Pain, and Mastitis". Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 58 (4): 902–14. doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000153. PMID 26512442. S2CID 13006527.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Spencer JP (September 2008). "Management of mastitis in breastfeeding women". American Family Physician. 78 (6): 727–31. PMID 18819238.
- ^ Ferri FF (2009). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2010 E-Book: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 593. ISBN 978-0-323-07685-2.
- ^ Buttaro TM, Trybulski J, Bailey PP, Sandberg-Cook J (2007). Primary Care: A Collaborative Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. PT1608. ISBN 978-0-323-07841-2.
- ^ The Worldwatch Institute (2015). State of the World 2006: Special Focus: China and India. Island Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-61091-633-2.
- ^ Ratcliffe SD (2008). Family Medicine Obstetrics. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 634. ISBN 978-0-323-04306-9.