Maximum pressure campaign

Maximum pressure campaign refers to the intensified sanctions against Iran by the Trump administration after the United States exited the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) in 2018.[1] The campaign was aimed at pressuring Iran to renegotiate the JCPOA,[2] adding more restrictions on Iran's nuclear program and expanding the scope of the agreement to cover Iran's ballistic missiles as well as other regional activities.[1][3] This strategy was faced by Iran's counter pressure policy to thwart the U.S. maximum pressure campaign.[2][4][5]

According to Human Rights Watch, the current economic sanctions "are causing unnecessary suffering to Iranian citizens afflicted with a range of diseases and medical conditions," despite exemptions for the humanitarian goods.[6]

  1. ^ a b "The Failure of U.S. "Maximum Pressure" against Iran". Crisis Group. 8 March 2021. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  2. ^ a b Nuruzzaman, Mohammed (1 November 2020). "President Trump's 'Maximum Pressure' Campaign and Iran's Endgame". Strategic Analysis. 44 (6): 570–582. doi:10.1080/09700161.2020.1841099. S2CID 229463187. Archived from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  3. ^ Borger, Julian (11 August 2019). "Why Trump's 'maximum pressure' foreign policy yields minimum results". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 19 December 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
  4. ^ Azizi, Hamidreza; Golmohammadi, Vali; Vazirian, Amir Hossein (2020). "Trump's "maximum pressure" and anti-containment in Iran's regional policy". Digest of Middle East Studies. 29 (2): 150–166. doi:10.1111/dome.12219. ISSN 1949-3606. S2CID 228996480. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
  5. ^ Mallett, Ellis. "Iran: US policy of 'maximum pressure' has failed – why the west needs to re-engage Tehran". The Conversation. Archived from the original on 26 November 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference hrw was invoked but never defined (see the help page).