Melanocortin 4 receptor

MC4R
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2IQP, 2IQR, 2IQS, 2IQU, 2IQV, 2IQW
Identifiers
Aliases	MC4R, Melanocortin 4 receptor, BMIQ20
External IDs	OMIM: 155541; MGI: 99457; HomoloGene: 4320; GeneCards: MC4R; OMA:MC4R - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 18 (human)
End	60,372,775 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 18 (mouse)
End	66,993,577 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right uterine tube; ; prefrontal cortex; ; hypothalamus; ; caudate nucleus; ; anterior cingulate cortex; ; Brodmann area 9; ; putamen; ; nucleus accumbens; ; right frontal lobe; ; amygdala;
	Top expressed in
	embryo; ; embryo; ; embryo; ; thyroid gland; ; dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell; ; hippocampus proper; ; neural tube; ; primary visual cortex; ; striatum of neuraxis; ; Cortex of frontal lobe;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity; signal transducer activity; peptide hormone binding; melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor activity; protein binding; melanocortin receptor activity; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; neuropeptide binding; hormone binding;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; membrane; plasma membrane; nucleus;
Biological process	regulation of grooming behavior; adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; insulin secretion; regulation of feeding behavior; positive regulation of bone resorption; diet induced thermogenesis; response to insulin; feeding behavior; negative regulation of feeding behavior; energy reserve metabolic process; regulation of metabolic process; signal transduction; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	4160
	17202
	ENSG00000166603
	ENSMUSG00000047259
	P32245
	P56450
	NM_005912
	NM_016977
	NP_005903
	NP_058673
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC₄R) is a melanocortin receptor that in humans is encoded by the MC4R gene.^[5]^[6]^[7] It encodes the MC₄R protein, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). In mouse models, MC₄ receptors have been found to be involved in feeding behaviour, the regulation of metabolism, sexual behaviour, and male erectile function.^[8]^[9]^[10]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166603 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000047259 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Magenis RE, Smith L, Nadeau JH, Johnson KR, Mountjoy KG, Cone RD (August 1994). "Mapping of the ACTH, MSH, and neural (MC3 and MC4) melanocortin receptors in the mouse and human". Mammalian Genome. 5 (8): 503–8. doi:10.1007/BF00369320. PMID 7949735. S2CID 24047677.
^ Sundaramurthy D, Campbell DA, Leek JP, Markham AF, Pieri LF (November 1998). "Assignment of the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) gene to human chromosome band 18q22 by in situ hybridisation and radiation hybrid mapping". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 82 (1–2): 97–8. doi:10.1159/000015074. PMID 9763669. S2CID 21946787.
^ "Entrez Gene: MC4R melanocortin 4 receptor".
^ Fan W, Boston BA, Kesterson RA, Hruby VJ, Cone RD (January 1997). "Role of melanocortinergic neurons in feeding and the agouti obesity syndrome". Nature. 385 (6612): 165–8. Bibcode:1997Natur.385..165F. doi:10.1038/385165a0. PMID 8990120. S2CID 4304297.
^ Huszar D, Lynch CA, Fairchild-Huntress V, Dunmore JH, Fang Q, Berkemeier LR, et al. (January 1997). "Targeted disruption of the melanocortin-4 receptor results in obesity in mice". Cell. 88 (1): 131–41. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81865-6. PMID 9019399. S2CID 14528879.
^ Van der Ploeg LH, Martin WJ, Howard AD, Nargund RP, Austin CP, Guan X, et al. (August 2002). "A role for the melanocortin 4 receptor in sexual function". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (17): 11381–6. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9911381V. doi:10.1073/pnas.172378699. PMC 123265. PMID 12172010.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166603 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000047259 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid7949735-5] Magenis RE, Smith L, Nadeau JH, Johnson KR, Mountjoy KG, Cone RD (August 1994). "Mapping of the ACTH, MSH, and neural (MC3 and MC4) melanocortin receptors in the mouse and human". Mammalian Genome. 5 (8): 503–8. doi:10.1007/BF00369320. PMID 7949735. S2CID 24047677.

[pmid9763669-6] Sundaramurthy D, Campbell DA, Leek JP, Markham AF, Pieri LF (November 1998). "Assignment of the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) gene to human chromosome band 18q22 by in situ hybridisation and radiation hybrid mapping". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 82 (1–2): 97–8. doi:10.1159/000015074. PMID 9763669. S2CID 21946787.

[7] "Entrez Gene: MC4R melanocortin 4 receptor".

[8] Fan W, Boston BA, Kesterson RA, Hruby VJ, Cone RD (January 1997). "Role of melanocortinergic neurons in feeding and the agouti obesity syndrome". Nature. 385 (6612): 165–8. Bibcode:1997Natur.385..165F. doi:10.1038/385165a0. PMID 8990120. S2CID 4304297.

[9] Huszar D, Lynch CA, Fairchild-Huntress V, Dunmore JH, Fang Q, Berkemeier LR, et al. (January 1997). "Targeted disruption of the melanocortin-4 receptor results in obesity in mice". Cell. 88 (1): 131–41. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81865-6. PMID 9019399. S2CID 14528879.

[10] Van der Ploeg LH, Martin WJ, Howard AD, Nargund RP, Austin CP, Guan X, et al. (August 2002). "A role for the melanocortin 4 receptor in sexual function". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (17): 11381–6. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9911381V. doi:10.1073/pnas.172378699. PMC 123265. PMID 12172010.

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