Rat studies have evaluated effects of kanna extract, finding analgesic and antidepressant potential.[6] No adverse results were noted for a commercial extract up to 5000 mg/kg daily in rats.[7]
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^Harvey, A. L.; Young, L. C.; Viljoen, A. M.; Gericke, N. P. (October 2011). "Pharmacological actions of the South African medicinal and functional food plant Sceletium tortuosum and its principal alkaloids". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 137 (3): 1124–1129. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.035. PMID21798331.
^Coetzee, D. D.; López, V.; Smith, C. (November 2015). "High-mesembrine Sceletium extract (Trimesemine™) is a monoamine releasing agent, rather than only a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 177: 111–116. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2015.11.034. PMID26615766.
^Stafford, G. I.; Pedersen, M. E.; van Staden, J.; Jäger, A. K. (October 2008). "Review on plants with CNS-effects used in traditional South African medicine against mental diseases". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 119 (3): 513–537. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.08.010. PMID18775771.
^Coggon, P.; Farrier, D.S.; Jeffs, P.W.; McPhail, A.T. (1970). "Absolute configuration of mesembrine and related alkaloids: X-ray analysis of 6-epimesembranol methiodide". J. Chem. Soc. B: 1267–1271. doi:10.1039/J29700001267.
^Loria, M. J.; Ali, Z; Abe, N; Sufka, K. J.; Khan, I. A. (Aug 8, 2014). "Effects of Sceletium tortuosum in rats". J. Ethnopharmacol. 155 (1): 731–5. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.007. PMID24930358.