MicroLED

Not to be confused with LED-backlit LCD § Mini LED.
First InGaN microLED and first passive-driven microLED display – Hongxing Jiang, et al, “Micro-size LED and detector arrays for mini-displays, hyperbright light emitting diodes, lighting, and UV detector and imaging sensor applications” US patent 6,410,940 (filed: 06/15/2000). Sixuan Jin, Jing Li, Jizhong Li, Jingyu Lin and Hongxing Jiang, "GaN Microdisk Light Emitting Diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 631 (2000), https://doi.org/10.1063/1.125841; Hongxing Jiang, Sixuan Jin, Jing Li, Jagat Shakya, and Jingyu Lin, “III-Nitride Blue Microdisplays,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 1303 (2001), doi: 10.1063/1.1351521.
First active-drive microLED microdisplay via integration between microLED array and Si CMOS in VGA format (640 x 480 pixels, pixels size 12 mm and pixel pitch 15 mm) capable of playing video graphics images - Jacon Day, Jing Li, Donald Lie, Zhaoyang Fan, Jingyu Lin, Hongxing Jiang, “CMOS IC for micro-emitter based microdisplay,” US patent 9,047,818 (filed 03/12/2011 by III N Technology Inc.). Jacob Day, Jing Li, Donald Lie, Charles Bradford, Jingyu Lin and Hongxing Jiang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 031116 (2011); doi:10.1063/1.3615679; Jingyu Lin, Jacob Day, Jing Li, Donald Lie, Charles Bradford, and Hongxing Jiang, SPIE Newsroom, Dec. issue (2011); doi: 10.1117/2.1201112.004001.
Gallium nitride microLEDs transferred onto a silicon backplane - these optimized for high speed data connections

MicroLED, also known as micro-LED, mLED or μLED is an emerging flat-panel display technology consisting of arrays of microscopic LEDs forming the individual pixel elements. Inorganic semiconductor microLED (μLED) technology[1][2][3][4][5] was first invented in 2000 by the research group of Hongxing Jiang and Jingyu Lin of Texas Tech University (TTU) while they were at Kansas State University (KSU). The first high-resolution and video-capable InGaN microLED microdisplay in VGA format was realized in 2009 by Jiang, Lin and their colleagues at Texas Tech University and III-N Technology, Inc. via active driving of a microLED array by a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) IC.[6] Compared to widespread LCD technology, microLED displays offer better contrast, response times, and energy efficiency.[7]

MicroLED offers greatly reduced energy requirements when compared to conventional LCD displays while also offering pixel-level light control and a high contrast ratio.[7][8] The inorganic nature of microLEDs gives them a longer lifetime advantage over OLEDs and allows them to display brighter images with minimal risk of screen burn-in.[7] The sub-nanosecond response time of μLED has a huge advantage over other display technologies for 3D/AR/VR displays since these devices need more more pixels per image, more frames per second and fast response times (less ghosting).[7] MicroLEDs are capable of high speed modulation, and have been proposed for chip-to-chip interconnect applications.[9]

As of 2021, Sony, Samsung, and Konka started to sell microLED video walls.[10][11][12][13][14][15] LG, Tianma, PlayNitride, TCL/CSoT, Jasper Display, Jade Bird Display, Plessey Semiconductors Ltd, and Ostendo Technologies, Inc. have demonstrated prototypes.[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Sony already sells microLED displays as a replacement for conventional cinema screens.[24] BOE, Epistar, and Leyard have plans for microLED mass production.[25][26] MicroLED can be made flexible and transparent, just like OLEDs.[27][26]

According to a report by Market Research Future, the MicroLED display market will reach around USD 24.3 billion by 2027.[28] Custom Market Insights reported that the MicroLED display market is expected to reach around USD 182.7 Billion by 2032.[29]

  1. ^ Jiang, Hongxing; Lin, Jingyu (March 2023). "How we made the microLED". Nature Electronics. 6 (3): 257. doi:10.1038/s41928-023-00940-0. ISSN 2520-1131.
  2. ^ US 6410940, Jiang, Hongxing; Lin, Jingyu & Jin, Sixuan et al., "Micro-size LED and detector arrays for mini-displays, hyperbright light emitting diodes, lighting, and UV detector and imaging sensor applications", assigned to Kansas State University Research Foundation 
  3. ^ Jin, S. X.; Li, J.; Li, J. Z.; Lin, J. Y.; Jiang, H. X. (2000-01-31). "GaN microdisk light emitting diodes". Applied Physics Letters. 76 (5). AIP Publishing: 631–633. Bibcode:2000ApPhL..76..631J. doi:10.1063/1.125841. ISSN 0003-6951. S2CID 12772013.
  4. ^ Jin, S. X.; Li, J.; Lin, J. Y.; Jiang, H. X. (2000-11-13). "InGaN/GaN quantum well interconnected microdisk light emitting diodes". Applied Physics Letters. 77 (20). AIP Publishing: 3236–3238. Bibcode:2000ApPhL..77.3236J. doi:10.1063/1.1326479. ISSN 0003-6951. S2CID 2062985.
  5. ^ Jiang, H. X.; Jin, S. X.; Li, J.; Shakya, J.; Lin, J. Y. (2001-02-26). "III-nitride blue microdisplays". Applied Physics Letters. 78 (9). AIP Publishing: 1303–1305. Bibcode:2001ApPhL..78.1303J. doi:10.1063/1.1351521. ISSN 0003-6951. S2CID 121580793.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference :5 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ a b c d Micro LEDs. Hongxiang Jiang, Jingyu Lin. Cambridge, MA. 2021. ISBN 978-0-12-823063-3. OCLC 1256450564.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
  8. ^ Lin, Jingyu; Jiang, Hongxing (2020-03-09). "Development of microLED". Applied Physics Letters. 116 (10): 100502. Bibcode:2020ApPhL.116j0502L. doi:10.1063/1.5145201. ISSN 0003-6951. S2CID 216297255.
  9. ^ Moore, Samuel (2023-01-01). "A Dark (Blue) Horse Emerges to Speed Up Computing". IEEE Spectrum. 60 (1): 30–31. doi:10.1109/MSPEC.2023.10006658. S2CID 255418718.
  10. ^ "Konka launches tiled large microLED TV displays - with the 236" 8K display priced at $1.25 million | MicroLED-Info". www.microled-info.com.
  11. ^ "Eyes on Sony's CLED (Crystal LED) display technology: Samsung isn't the only player in the Micro LED game". TechHive. August 2, 2019.
  12. ^ "Samsung's Massive 292-Inch MicroLED TV Wall Now Shipping - ExtremeTech". www.extremetech.com.
  13. ^ Shilov, Anton. "Samsung's Micro LED Wall TVs Now Available: Up to 8K, Up to 292-Inches". www.anandtech.com.Sony creates colossal 16K screen in Japan. BBC. April 9, 2019.
  14. ^ "Samsung's Massive 292-Inch MicroLED TV Wall Now Shipping - ExtremeTech". www.extremetech.com. Retrieved 2019-10-11.
  15. ^ ソニーの新LEDディスプレイ「CLEDIS」日本初披露。新たな大画面・高画質へ (in Japanese). Impress Corporation [ja]. June 16, 2016.
  16. ^ "About". JBD home.
  17. ^ "LG microLED TV sneaks into IFA, takes a swipe at Samsung". Digital Trends. 2018-08-31. Retrieved 2019-09-14.
  18. ^ "Tianma's Mini-LED HDR and Micro-LED Displays Named People's Choice Award Winners at Display Week 2019". news.thomasnet.com. Retrieved 2019-09-14.
  19. ^ "See PlayNitride's latest flexible and transparent OLED prototypes". MicroLED-Info. Retrieved 2019-09-14.
  20. ^ "CSoT demonstrates a 3.3" transparent Micro-LED prototype produced in collaboration with PlayNitride". MicroLED-Info. Retrieved 2019-09-14.
  21. ^ Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ "Full Page Reload". IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and Science News. 22 July 2019. Retrieved 2019-10-25.
  23. ^ "Ostendo Develops First Vertically Integrated RGB LED". Insight Media: Display Intelligence. 5 February 2017. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
  24. ^ "Sony's Crystal cinema display supports 16K, but could cost millions". Engadget. September 13, 2019.
  25. ^ "Epistar and Leyard Opto-Electronics to build a $142 million micro-LED and mini-LED production fab in China | MicroLED-Info". www.microled-info.com.
  26. ^ a b "Rohinni and BOE launch a micro-LED JV called BOE Pixey, first products to reach the market by the end of 2020 | MicroLED-Info". www.microled-info.com.
  27. ^ "See PlayNitride's latest flexible and transparent MicroLED prototypes | MicroLED-Info". www.microled-info.com.
  28. ^ "Micro-LED Display Market" (Press release). 12 January 2022.
  29. ^ "[Latest] Global Micro-LED Display Market Size/Share Worth USD 182.7 Billion by 2032 at a 58.1% CAGR: Custom Market Insights (Analysis, Outlook, Leaders, Report, Trends, Forecast, Segmentation, Growth, Growth Rate, Value)". Yahoo Finance. 2023-10-30. Retrieved 2024-01-02.