| Middle Rhine (Mittelrhein) | |
|---|---|
 Sankt Goarshausen and Lorelei rock (bottom) | |
 Sections of the Rhine: Middle Rhine | |
| Location | |
| Country | Germany |
| States | Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatine |
| Districts | Ahrweiler, Bonn, Koblenz, Mainz-Bingen, Mayen-Koblenz, Neuwied, Rhein-Hunsrück, Rhein-Lahn, Rhein-Sieg, Rheingau-Taunus |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Rhine knee at Bingen am Rhein, continuation of the Upper Rhine |
| • coordinates | 49°58′11″N 7°53′21″E / 49.96972°N 7.88917°E |
| • elevation | 89 m |
| Mouth | |
• location | Between Bad Godesberg and Bonn-Oberkassel, continues as Lower Rhine |
• coordinates | 50°42′20″N 7°9′46.2″E / 50.70556°N 7.162833°E |
• elevation | 61 m |
| Length | 130 km (81 mi) |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | Ahr, Moselle, Nahe, Nette |
| • right | Lahn, Wied |
Middle Rhine (German: Mittelrhein, pronounced [ˈmɪtl̩ˌʁaɪn] ; kilometres[a] 529 to 660 of the Rhine)[2] is the section of the Rhine between Bingen and Bonn in Germany. It flows through the Rhine Gorge (Oberes Mittelrheintal), a formation created by erosion, which happened at about the same rate as an uplift in the region, leaving the river at about its original level, and the surrounding lands raised. This gorge is quite deep, about 130 metres (430 ft) from the top of the rocks down to the average water-line.
The Middle Rhine is one of four sections of the Rhine between Lake Constance and the North Sea (the others being the High Rhine, Upper Rhine and Lower Rhine). The upper half of the Middle Rhine (Rhine Gorge) from Bingen (Rhine-kilometer 526) to Koblenz (Rhine-kilometer 593) is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, a striking cultural landscape with more than 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages, unique terraced vineyards, and many wine villages.[3] The lower half, from Koblenz (Rhine-kilometer 593) to Bonn (Rhine-kilometer 655), is famous for the formerly volcanic Siebengebirge, with the Drachenfels volcano. Both parts together are known as "the romantic Rhine".
The Middle Rhine Valley has been a major tourist attraction since the 19th century. It is also home to some 450,000 people. The valley owes its special appearance to both its natural shape and human alterations. For two millennia, it has been one of the most important routes for cultural exchange between the Mediterranean region and northern Europe.[3] Situated in the heart of Europe, it was sometimes a border and sometimes a bridge between different cultures. The history of the valley reflects the history of Western Europe. With its many outstanding monuments, its hills full of vines, its settlements crowded on the narrow river banks, and the rows of castles lined up on the hill tops, it is considered the epitome of the Rhine romanticism.[3] It inspired Heinrich Heine to write his famous poem "Lorelei" and Richard Wagner to write his opera Götterdämmerung.
The vineyards along the Middle Rhine form a wine-growing region of the same name.
- ^ "Rheinkilometrierung [Rhine kilometrage]" (in German). Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ "Der Mittelrhein [The Middle Rhine]" (in German). Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ a b c "Upper Middle Rhine Valley". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).