Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3

MiG-3
A restored MiG-3 at an air show in Russia, 2011
General information
Type	Fighter Interceptor
National origin	Soviet Union
Manufacturer	Mikoyan-Gurevich
Primary users	Soviet Air Forces (VVS) Soviet Air Defence Forces (PVO) Soviet Naval Aviation
Number built	3,422
History
Manufactured	1940–1941
Introduction date	1941
First flight	29 October 1940
Retired	1945
Developed from	Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-1
Variants	Mikoyan-Gurevich I-211

The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3 (Russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-3) is a Soviet fighter-interceptor used during World War II. It was a development of the MiG-1 by the OKO (opytno-konstruktorskij otdel — Experimental Design Department) of Zavod (Factory) No. 1 in Moscow to remedy problems found during the MiG-1's development and operations. It replaced the MiG-1 on the production line at Factory No. 1 on 20 December 1940 and was built in large numbers during 1941 before Factory No. 1 was converted to build the Ilyushin Il-2.

On 22 June 1941, at the beginning of Operation Barbarossa, some 981 were in service with the Soviet Air Forces (VVS), the Soviet Air Defence Forces (PVO) and Soviet Naval Aviation. The MiG-3 was difficult to fly in peacetime and much more so in combat. Originally designed as a high-altitude fighter-interceptor, combat over the Eastern Front was generally at lower altitudes, where it was inferior to the German Messerschmitt Bf 109 as well as most of its Soviet contemporaries. It was also pressed into service as a fighter-bomber during the autumn of 1941 but it was equally unsuited for this. The losses suffered in combat were very high, in percentage the highest among all the VVS fighters, with 1,432 shot down.^[1] The survivors were concentrated in the PVO, where its disadvantages mattered less, the last being withdrawn from service before the end of the war.