Moses Sofer (Schreiber) | |
|---|---|
 Sofer c. 1830 (lithograph by Josef Kriehuber). | |
| Title | Chasam Sofer |
| Personal | |
| Born | September 24, 1762 (7 Tishrei 5523 Anno Mundi) |
| Died | October 3, 1839 (aged 77) (25 Tishrei 5600 Anno Mundi) |
| Religion | Judaism |
| Spouse | Sarah Malka Jerwitz Sofer (1st); Sorel (Sarah) Eiger Sofer (2nd) |
| Children | Abraham Samuel Benjamin Sofer; Shimon Sofer; Joseph Sofer; Akiva Sofer Reimann;
Yitzchok Leib; additional eight daughters Hindel, Gitel, Chana, Yitel, Simcha, Rechel, Esther, Reizel, |
| Parent(s) | Samuel and Reizel Sofer |
| Occupation | Rabbi |
| Buried | Chatam Sofer Memorial, Bratislava, Slovakia |
Moses Schreiber (1762–1839), known to his own community and Jewish posterity in the Hebrew translation as Moshe Sofer, also known by his main work Chatam Sofer, Chasam Sofer, or Hatam Sofer (trans. Seal of the Scribe, and acronym for Chiddushei Toiras Moishe Sofer), was one of the leading Orthodox rabbis of European Jewry in the first half of the nineteenth century.
He was a teacher to thousands and a powerful opponent of the Reform movement in Judaism, which was attracting many Jews in the Austrian Empire, and beyond. As Rav of the city of Pressburg, he advocated for strong communal life, first-class education, and uncompromising opposition to Reform and radical change.[1]
Sofer established a yeshiva in Pozsony (Pressburg in German; today Bratislava, Slovakia), the Pressburg Yeshiva, which became the most influential yeshiva in Central Europe,[2] producing hundreds of future leaders of Hungarian Jewry.[citation needed] This yeshiva continued to function until World War II; afterward, it was relocated to Jerusalem, under the leadership of the Chasam Sofer's great-grandson, Rabbi Akiva Sofer (the Daas Sofer).
Sofer published very little during his lifetime; however, his post-humously published works include more than a thousand responsa, novellae on the Talmud, sermons, biblical and liturgical commentaries, and religious poetry. He is an authority who is quoted extensively in Orthodox Jewish scholarship. Many of his responsa are required reading for semicha (rabbinic ordination) candidates. His chiddushim (original Torah insights) sparked a new style in rabbinic commentary, and some editions of the Talmud contain his emendations and additions.
- ^ Great Leaders of Our People: Rabbi Moshe Sofer (The Chasam Sofer) Archived 2012-09-10 at archive.today
- ^ "Crash Course in Jewish History: Pale of Settlement, aish.com". Archived from the original on 2021-04-19. Retrieved 2008-11-25.