Munda people

This article is about the Mundari speaking ethnic group. For a list of all ethnic groups using Munda languages, see Munda peoples.

Munda people
Hoṛoko, Hoṛo
Munda men, Dinajpur District, Bangladesh
Total population
c. 2.29 million
Regions with significant populations
 India  Bangladesh    Nepal
 India2,228,661 (2011)[1]
Jharkhand      1,229,221
Odisha      584,346
West Bengal      366,386
Assam      149,851 (1921)[2]
Chhattisgarh      15,095
Tripura      14,544
Bihar      14,028
Madhya Pradesh      5,041
 Bangladesh60,191 (2021)[3]
   Nepal2,350 (2011)
Languages
Mundari[4]• Panchpargania • Sadri • Odia • Bengali • Hindi
Religion
[5][6]: 327 [7]
Related ethnic groups
Munda peoples

The Munda people are an Austroasiatic-speaking ethnic group of the Indian subcontinent. They speak Mundari as their native language, which belongs to the Munda subgroup of Austroasiatic languages. The Munda are found mainly concentrated in the south and East Chhotanagpur Plateau region of Jharkhand,[8] Odisha and West Bengal.[1][9] The Munda also reside in adjacent areas of Madhya Pradesh as well as in portions of Bangladesh, Nepal, and the state of Tripura.[1][10] They are one of India's largest scheduled tribes. Munda people in Tripura are also known as Mura.[11] In the Kolhan region of Jharkhand the Munda people are often called Tamadia by other communities.[12]

  1. ^ a b c "A-11 Individual Scheduled Tribe Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix". censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
  2. ^ "Estimated Population by Castes, 5. Assam – Census 1951" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General, India. 1954. p. 9.
  3. ^ "Table 1.4 Ethnic Population by Group and Sex" (PDF) (in Bengali). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. 2021. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 August 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
  4. ^ Osada, Toshiki (19 March 2008). "3. Mundari". In Anderson, Gregory (ed.). The Munda languages. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-32890-6. ...the designation Munda is used for the language family. Mundari, on the other hand, refers to an individual language, namely the language of Munda people.
  5. ^ "ST-14 Scheduled Tribe Population By Religious Community". Census of India. Ministry of Home Affairs, India. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  6. ^ Srivastava, Malini (2007). "The Sacred Complex of Munda Tribe" (PDF). Anthropologist. 9 (4): 327–330. doi:10.1080/09720073.2007.11891020. S2CID 73737689. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  7. ^ "Tribals who convert to other religions will continue to get quota benefits: Jual Oram | India News". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 12 July 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  8. ^ Gupta, Satya Prakash (1974). Tribes of Chotanagpur Plateau: An Ethno-nutritional & Pharmacological Cross-section. Government of Bihar, Welfare Department. p. 12. Archived from the original on 14 April 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
  9. ^ "Adivasi Volume 52, Number 1&2" (PDF). Web Archive. December 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 November 2016.
  10. ^ "Mundari Language". Ethnologue. SIL International. Archived from the original on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2017.
  11. ^ "Homepage". Archived from the original on 14 December 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  12. ^ "Munda Tribe" (in Hindi) (4th 2020 ed.). Jharkhand, India: Dr. Ramdayal Munda Tribal Welfare Research Institute. 1993.