Murmansk

For other uses, see Murmansk (disambiguation).
Murmansk
Мурманск
City[1]
Other transcription(s)
 • Kildin SamiМурман ланнҍ
 • Northern SamiMurmánska
 • Skolt SamiMuurman[2]
Murmansk skyline
Murmansk skyline
Coat of arms of Murmansk
Coat of arms
Location of Murmansk
Map
Murmansk is located in Murmansk Oblast
Murmansk
Murmansk
Location of Murmansk
Murmansk is located in European Russia
Murmansk
Murmansk
Murmansk (European Russia)
Murmansk is located in Europe
Murmansk
Murmansk
Murmansk (Europe)
Coordinates: 68°58′14″N 33°04′30″E / 68.97056°N 33.07500°E / 68.97056; 33.07500
CountryRussia
Federal subjectMurmansk Oblast[1]
Official foundation
date (see text)		October 4, 1916[3]
City status sinceJuly 19, 1916[3]
Government
 • BodyCouncil of Deputies
 • Head/MayorDmitry Filippov (Head)
Evgeniy Nikora (Mayor)
Elevation
50 m (160 ft)
 • Rank61st in 2010
 • Subordinated toCity of Murmansk[1]
 • Capital ofMurmansk Oblast,[1] City of Murmansk[1]
 • Urban okrugMurmansk Urban Okrug[4]
 • Capital ofMurmansk Urban Okrug[4]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[5])
Postal code(s)[6]
183000–183099
Dialing code(s)+7 8152
OKTMO ID47701000001
City DayOctober 4[7]
Websitecitymurmansk.ru
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Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Russian inhabited locality with unknown parameter "pop_2021census"
Central part of Murmansk

Murmansk (Russian: Мурманск; Kildin Sami: Мурман ланнҍ; Skolt Sami: Muurman[2] and Northern Sami: Murmánska) is a port city and the administrative center of Murmansk Oblast in the far northwest part of Russia. It sits on both slopes and banks of a modest ria or fjord, Kola Bay, an estuarine inlet of the Barents Sea, with its bulk on the east bank of the inlet. It is in the north of the rounded Kola Peninsula which covers most of the oblast. The city is 108 kilometres (67 mi) from the border with Norway and 182 kilometres (113 mi) from the border with Finland.

Benefiting from the North Atlantic Current, Murmansk resembles cities of its size across western Russia, with highway and railway access to the rest of Europe, and the northernmost trolleybus system on Earth. It lies over 2° north of the Arctic Circle. Its connectivity contrasts with the isolation of Arctic ports like the Siberian Dikson on the shores of the Kara Sea, and Iqaluit, in the Canadian Arctic. Despite long, snowy winters, Murmansk's climate is moderated by the generally ice-free waters around it.

Although there was a building boom in the early twentieth century's arms races, Murmansk's population has been in decline since the Cold War, from 468,039 (1989 Soviet census);[10] 336,137 (2002 Census);[11] 307,257 (2010 Census);[12] to 270,384 (2021 Census).[13] It remains the world's largest city north of the Arctic Circle, with over 100,000 more inhabitants than Norilsk, Russia. It is a major port of the Arctic Ocean.[14]

  1. ^ a b c d e Cite error: The named reference Ref395 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b "Muurman (subst. erisnimi)". Neahttadigisánit. Retrieved October 11, 2023.
  3. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference ATSBook24 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Ref811 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  6. ^ "Main Murmansk post office". Archived from the original on February 26, 2012. Retrieved July 18, 2010.
  7. ^ Stepanova, Anna (September 29, 2017). "День города в Мурманске 2017: программа праздника и перекрытия дорог". Komsomolskaya Pravda. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
  8. ^ "Численность населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2014 года". Archived from the original on August 10, 2014. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
  9. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  10. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  11. ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  12. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  13. ^ "Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
  14. ^ "10 Largest Cities Within the Arctic Circle".