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| Neonatal Hypoglycemia | |
|---|---|
| Causes | Hyperinsulinism, limited glycogen stores, increases glucose use, decreased gluconeogenesis, depleted glycogen stores |
| Risk factors | Maternal-Gestational diabetes, eclampsia, drug use. Neonate- small for gestational age, inadequate feeding, respiratory distress |
| Diagnostic method | Blood sample |
| Treatment | 40% dextrose gel, 10% dextrose influsion, early breastfeeding |
Neonatal hypoglycemia, also called low blood sugar in newborn babies, occurs when an infant's blood glucose level is less than what is considered normal.[1] There is inconsistency internationally for diagnostic thresholds. In the US, hypoglycemia is when the blood glucose level is below 30 mg/dL within the first 24 hours of life and below 45 mg/dL after, but international standards differ.[2] Age, birth weight, metabolic needs, and wellness state of the newborn has a substantial impact on their blood glucose level. This is a treatable condition, but its treatment depends on the cause of the hypoglycemia. Though it is treatable, it can be fatal if gone undetected.[1] Hypoglycemia is the most common metabolic problem in newborns.[2]
Neonatal hypoglycemia is hypothesized to occur in between 1 in 3 births out of every 1,000 births, but the true number is not known since there is no international standard for measurement. It often occurs in premature and small babies and babies of diabetic mothers.
- ^ a b Wong's nursing care of infants and children. Hockenberry, Marilyn J.,, Wilson, David, 1950 August 25-2015 (10th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri. 2015. ISBN 9780323222419. OCLC 844724099.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ a b Cranmer, Hilliarie (6 December 2020). "Neonatal Hypoglycemia". Medscape.