Nevada v. Hicks

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Nevada v. Hicks
Supreme Court of the United States
Argued March 21, 2001 Decided June 25, 2001
Full case name	State of Nevada, et al. v. Floyd Hicks, et al.
Citations	533 U.S. 353 (more) 121 S. Ct. 2304; 150 L. Ed. 2d 398; 2001 U.S. LEXIS 4669
Case history
Prior	944 F. Supp. 1455 (D. Nev. 1996); affirmed, 196 F.3d 1020 (9th Cir. 1999); cert. granted, 531 U.S. 923 (2000).
Holding
Tribal Courts do not have the authority to restrict or regulate state officials in investigation off-reservation violations of state law. They also lack the ability to hear claims that officials violated Tribal Law in the performance of their duties.
Court membership
Chief Justice William Rehnquist Associate Justices John P. Stevens · Sandra Day O'Connor Antonin Scalia · Anthony Kennedy David Souter · Clarence Thomas Ruth Bader Ginsburg · Stephen Breyer
Case opinions
Majority	Scalia, joined by Rehnquist, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsburg
Concurrence	Souter, joined by Kennedy, Thomas
Concurrence	Ginsburg
Concurrence	O'Connor, joined by Stevens, Breyer
Concurrence	Stevens, joined by Breyer
Laws applied
42 U.S.C. § 1983

Nevada v. Hicks, 533 U.S. 353 (2001), is a United States Supreme Court case regarding the jurisdiction of Tribal Courts when state officials are sued by tribal members in tribal court.^[1] The Supreme Court unanimously decided that Tribal courts lack jurisdiction to decide tort claims or § 1983^[2] claims related to State law enforcement's process on the reservation, but related to a crime that allegedly occurred off the reservation nor must the parties exhaust their claims in Tribal court before filing in federal court.