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| Nezahualpilli I | |
|---|---|
 A non-contemporary depiction of Nezahualpilli from the Codex Ixtlilxochitl. | |
| Tlatoani of Texcoco | |
| Reign | 1473–1515 |
| Predecessor | Nezahualcoyotl |
| Successor | Cacama |
| Born | 1464 |
| Died | 1515 |
| Spouse | Yacotzin |
| Issue | Cacama Ixtlilxochitl II Many other children |
| Father | Nezahualcoyotl |
| Mother | Azcalxochitzin |
Nezahualpilli (Nahuatl for "fasting prince"; 1464–1515, ) was king (tlatoani) of the Mesoamerican city-state of Texcoco, elected by the city's nobility after the death of his father, Nezahualcoyotl, in 1472. Nezahuapilli's mother was Azcalxochitzin, who married Nezahualcoyotl after the death of her first husband, King Cuahcuauhtzin of Tepechpan.[1]
Like his father, he was a poet, was considered a sage, and had the reputation of being a fair ruler. Only one of his poems survives: "Icuic Nezahualpilli yc tlamato huexotzinco" ("Song of Nezahualpilli during the war with Huexotzinco"). His court was a haven for astronomers, engineers, and soothsayers. During his reign, he abolished capital punishment for a number of crimes and struggled to keep the political independence of Texcoco during the increasing centralization of Aztec power in Tenochtitlán.[2]
When he told Moctezuma II that the Texcocan wise men had foretold foreign dominion over the Valley of Mexico, the emperor challenged him to a ball game. Moctezuma considered the loss of the game a negative omen.[3][4]: 15
Nezahualpilli was said to have taken numerous consorts and fathered 144 children. He was succeeded by his son Cacama.
- ^ Lori Boornazian Diel (2009). The Tira de Tepechpan: Negotiating Place Under Aztec and Spanish Rule. Austin: University of Texas Press.
- ^ Miguel León-Portilla (1967). Trece poetas del mundo azteca [Thirteen poets of the Aztec world] (in Spanish) (2nd 1978 ed.). Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México. pp. 77=87.
- ^ Fehrenbach (1973), p.103
- ^ León-Portilla, M. 1992, 'The Broken Spears: The Aztec Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico. Boston: Beacon Press, ISBN 978-0807055014