| Nomans Land Island Wildlife Refuge | |
|---|---|
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
 1995 USGS Photograph of Nomans Land Island | |
  Map of the United States | |
| Location | Nomans Land, Massachusetts, United States |
| Nearest city | Chilmark, Massachusetts |
| Coordinates | 41°15′18″N 70°48′54″W / 41.25500°N 70.81500°W |
| Area | 640 acres (2.6 km2) |
| Established | 1998 |
| Governing body | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |
| Website | Nomans Land Island National Wildlife Refuge |
The Nomans Land Island Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge located on Nomans Land, a 640-acre (2.6 km2) island off the coast of Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts. It is part of the town of Chilmark, in Dukes County. The Island is 1.6 miles (2.6 km) long east to west, and about 1 mile (1.6 km) north to south. Nomans Land Island was used for aerial gunnery by the U.S. Navy from 1942 to 1996. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service has managed an "overlay" refuge on the Eastern third of the Island under a Joint Management Agreement between the Department of the Interior and Department of the Navy since 1975. Following an extensive surface clearance of ordnance in 1997 and 1998, the Island was transferred to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service to become Nomans Land Island National Wildlife Refuge. It was established " . . . for use as an inviolate sanctuary, or for any other management purpose, for migratory birds" under the Migratory Bird Conservation Act.
Nomans Land Island is surrounded entirely by the Atlantic Ocean. About 30% of the island is wetland which range from emergent marshes to permanently flooded-open water. There are four artificial ponds that were impounded many years ago by early settlers, two large freshwater ponds, and a number of smaller ponds. Common wetland plants include Virginia chain fern, cranberry, sphagnum moss, broad-leaved cattail, and common reed.