Onʌyoteˀa·ká (Oneida) | |
|---|---|
 Oneida Nation tribal seal | |
| Total population | |
| 16,567[2] (2010) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Wisconsin | |
| Languages | |
| English, Oneida | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity, Native | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Oneida Indian Nation of New York Oneida Nation of the Thames Mohawk, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, Tuscarora |
The Oneida Nation is a federally recognized tribe of Oneida people in Wisconsin.[1] The tribe's reservation spans parts of two counties west of the Green Bay metropolitan area. The reservation was established by treaty in 1838, and was allotted to individual New York Oneida tribal members as part of an agreement with the U.S. government.[3][4] The land was individually owned until the tribe was formed under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934.[5][6]
Under the Dawes Act, the land was allotted in 1892 to individual households. The nation kept control of most of the land until sales were allowed in the early 20th century, when members were often tricked out of their property. They used the land for farming and harvesting timber. As of 2010, the nation controlled about 35 percent of the land within its reservation and is working to reacquire the rest.[2]
In 1988 the nation established the state's first modern lottery, known as Big Green. Since the late 20th century, the nation developed the gaming Ashwaubenon Casino on its property, which is generating revenue for economic development and welfare. Of the more than 16,000 members, roughly half live on the reservation.
- ^ a b "Indian Entities Recognized by and Eligible to Receive Services from the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs". Federal Register (86 FR 7554): 4636–41. January 28, 2022.
- ^ a b Tribes of Wisconsin (PDF). Madison: Wisconsin Department of Administration Division of Intergovernmental Relations. July 2022. p. 72. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- ^ "Wisconsin Indian Reservations". Access Genealogy. 9 July 2011. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
- ^ "Oneida Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)". Family Search. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
- ^ "History - Important Dates Relating to Oneida Tribal Land and Sovereignty in Wisconsin". Oneida Nation. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
- ^ "Oneida History". Milwaukee Public Museum. Retrieved August 11, 2015.