Organon model

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The organon model is a model of communication by German psychologist and linguist Karl Ludwig Bühler (1879 – 1963). It was published in German in 1934.^[1] and not translated into English until 1990.^[2] In it he defined the functions of communication according to which linguistic communication can be described. Bühler's work influenced the communication model of Roman Jakobson.^[3]

Buhler's model also apparently influenced Lev Vygotsky who, in discussing memory and goal-directed learning, wrote: "According to K. Buhler, speech thinks for us."^{[4]: 449, 453}

Bühler identified the following three communicative functions:

• the expressive function (Ausdrucksfunktion)
• the representation function (Darstellungsfunktion)
• the conative function (Appellfunktion, i.e. appealing function).