Pablo Picasso

"Picasso" redirects here. For other uses, see Picasso (disambiguation).

Pablo Picasso
Black-and-white photo of Picasso in a coat
Picasso in 1908
Born
Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso[1]

(1881-10-25)25 October 1881
Málaga, Spain
Died8 April 1973(1973-04-08) (aged 91)
Mougins, France
Resting placeChâteau of Vauvenargues
43°33′15″N 5°36′16″E / 43.554142°N 5.604438°E / 43.554142; 5.604438
Education
Years active1897–1973
Known forPainting, drawing, sculpture, printmaking, ceramics, stage design, writing
Notable work
MovementCubism, Surrealism
Spouses
​
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(m. 1918; died 1955)​
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(m. 1961)​
Partners
Children
Family
Awards
Patron(s)
Pablo Picasso's voice
Recorded c. 1960s
Signature

Pablo Ruiz Picasso[a][b] (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and theatre designer who spent most of his adult life in France. One of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture,[8][9] the co-invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907) and the anti-war painting Guernica (1937), a dramatic portrayal of the bombing of Guernica by German and Italian air forces during the Spanish Civil War.

Picasso demonstrated extraordinary artistic talent in his early years, painting in a naturalistic manner through his childhood and adolescence. During the first decade of the 20th century, his style changed as he experimented with different theories, techniques, and ideas. After 1906, the Fauvist work of the older artist Henri Matisse motivated Picasso to explore more radical styles, beginning a fruitful rivalry between the two artists, who subsequently were often paired by critics as the leaders of modern art.[10][11][12][13]

Picasso's output, especially in his early career, is often periodized. While the names of many of his later periods are debated, the most commonly accepted periods in his work are the Blue Period (1901–1904), the Rose Period (1904–1906), the African-influenced Period (1907–1909), Analytic Cubism (1909–1912), and Synthetic Cubism (1912–1919), also referred to as the Crystal period. Much of Picasso's work of the late 1910s and early 1920s is in a neoclassical style, and his work in the mid-1920s often has characteristics of Surrealism. His later work often combines elements of his earlier styles.

Exceptionally prolific throughout the course of his long life, Picasso achieved universal renown and immense fortune for his revolutionary artistic accomplishments, and became one of the best-known figures in 20th-century art.

  1. ^ Daix, Pierre (1988). Picasso, 1900–1906: catalogue raisonné de l'oeuvre peint (in French). Editions Ides et Calendes. pp. 1–106.
  2. ^ a b c d Cabanne, Pierre (1977). Pablo Picasso: His Life and Times. Morrow. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-688-03232-6.
  3. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference fullname was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Lyttle, Richard B. (1989). Pablo Picasso: The Man and the Image. Atheneum. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-689-31393-6.
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