The Pahlavas are a people mentioned in ancient Indian texts. According to Patrick Carnegy,[3] a Raj-era ethnographer, the 4th-century BCE Vartika of Katyayana mentions the Sakah-Parthavah, demonstrating an awareness of these Saka-Parthians, probably by way of commerce.[4] Knowledge of the Pahlavas is distilled from the literary references in texts like the Manu Smriti, various Puranas, the Ramayana, the Mahabharata, and the Bṛhat Saṃhitā.
Singh, M. R. (1972). Geographical data in the early Purāṇas: A critical study. Calcutta: Punthi Pustak. LCCN72903450. OCLC736935. A revision of the author's thesis, University of Rajasthan, 1967.
"Introduction". The Laws of Manu, with extracts from seven commentaries. Sacred Books of the East. Vol. XXV. Translated by Bühler, Georg (1886 ed.). p. cxv.
Rapson, Coins of Ancient India, p. 37, n. 2.
^V. S. Agarwala (1954). India as Known to Panini. p.444
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