 The pahlevan Mustafa Tousi holding a pair of meels | |
| Also known as | Koshti Pahlavāni |
|---|---|
| Focus | Wrestling |
| Country of origin | Iran/Persia |
| Famous practitioners | |
| Descendant arts | |
| Olympic sport | Through lineage:
|
| Official website | http://www.izsf.net/en/ |
| Meaning | Heroic wrestling |
| Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Pahlevan Namjoo Zurkhaneh in Azadi Street | |
| Country | Iran |
| Reference | 00378 |
| Region | Asia and the Pacific |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 2010 (4th session) |
| List | Representative |
| Pehlevanliq culture: traditional zorkhana games, sports and wrestling | |
|---|---|
| Country | Azerbaijan |
| Reference | 01703 |
| Region | Europe and North America |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 2022 (17th session) |
| List | Representative |
Pahlevani and zourkhaneh rituals is the name inscribed by UNESCO for varzesh-e pahlavāni (Persian: آیین پهلوانی و زورخانهای, "heroic sport")[1] or varzesh-e bāstāni (ورزش باستانی; varzeš-e bāstānī, "ancient sport"), a traditional system of athletics and a form of martial arts[2] originally used to train warriors in Iran (Persia)[3][4] Outside Iran, zoorkhanehs can now also be found in Azerbaijan, and Afghanistan, and were introduced into Iraq in the mid-19th century by the Iranian immigrants, where they seem to have existed until the 1980s before disappearing.[5][6][7][8] It combines martial arts, calisthenics, strength training and music. It contains elements of pre-Islamic and post-Islamic culture of Iran (particularly Zoroastrianism and Gnosticism) with the spirituality of Persian Shia Islam and Sufism. Practiced in a domed structure called the zurkhāneh, training sessions consist mainly of ritual gymnastic movements and climax with the core of combat practice, a style of folk wrestling called koshti pahlavāni.[citation needed]
- ^ official IZSF
- ^ "Martial art | Definition, History, Types, & Facts". 9 April 2024.
- ^ "Pahlevani and zoorkhaneh rituals" at Encyclopædia Iranica
- ^ "Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals".
- ^ "Pahlevani and zoorkhaneh rituals" at Encyclopædia Iranica
- ^ Shay, Anthony; Sellers-Young, Barbara (2005). Belly Dance: Orientalism, Transnationalism, and Harem Fantasy. Mazda Publishers. ISBN 978-1-56859-183-4.
the zurkhaneh exercises of Iran, Afghanistan, and Azerbaijan
- ^ Afghanistan, Foreign Policy & Government Guide. International Business Publications, USA. 2000. ISBN 978-0-7397-3700-2.
UNIVERSAL SPORTS PLAYED IN AFGHANISTAN Wrestling (Palwani)
- ^ Elias, Josie; Ali, Sharifah Enayat (2013-08-01). Afghanistan: Third Edition. Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC. ISBN 978-1-60870-872-7.
Wrestling, or Pahlwani (pahl-wah-NEE), is popular with men all over the country.