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As long as humans have experienced pain, they have given explanations for its existence and sought soothing agents to dull or cease painful sensations. Archaeologists have uncovered clay tablets dating back as far as 5,000 BC which reference the cultivation and use of the opium poppy to bring joy and cease pain. The Greek writer Homer's The Odyssey, written in 800 BC, features the character of Telemachus using opium to soothe his pain and forget his worries.[1] While some cultures researched analgesics and allowed or encouraged their use, others perceived pain to be a necessary, integral sensation. Physicians of the 19th century used pain as a diagnostic tool, theorizing that a greater amount of personally perceived pain was correlated to a greater internal vitality, and as a treatment in and of itself, inflicting pain on their patients to rid the patient of evil and unbalanced humors. [2]
This article focuses both on the history of how pain has been perceived across time and culture, but also how malleable an individual's perception of pain can be due to factors like situation, their visual perception of the pain, and previous history with pain.
- ^ Booth, Martin. Opium a history. London: Simon & Schuster, 1996. Print.
- ^ Meldrum, Marcia. "A History of Pain Management." Opioids: Past, Present and Future. Journal of the American Medical Association