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Paleoconservatism is a political philosophy and a paternalistic strain of conservatism in the United States stressing American nationalism, Christian ethics, regionalism, traditionalist conservatism, and non-interventionism. Paleoconservatism's concerns overlap with those of the Old Right that opposed the New Deal in the 1930s and 1940s[1] as well as with paleolibertarianism.[2][3] By the start of the 21st century, the movement had begun to focus more on issues of race.[4][5]
The terms neoconservative and paleoconservative were coined by Paul Gottfried in the 1980s,[6] but the term originated following the outbreak of the Vietnam War and a divide in American conservatism between the interventionists and the isolationists. Those in favor of the Vietnam War then became known as the neoconservatives (interventionists), as they marked a decisive split from the nationalist-isolationism that the traditionalist conservatives (isolationists) had subscribed to up until this point.[7][8][9] Paleoconservatives press for restrictions on immigration, a rollback of multicultural programs and large-scale demographic change, the decentralization of federal policy, the restoration of controls upon free trade, a greater emphasis upon economic nationalism and non-interventionism in the conduct of American foreign policy.[10]
Historian George Hawley states that although influenced by paleoconservatism, Donald Trump is not a paleoconservative, but rather a nationalist and a right-wing populist.[11] Hawley also argued in 2017 that paleoconservatism was an exhausted force in American politics,[12] but that for a time it represented the most serious right-wing threat to the mainstream conservative movement.[12] Regardless of how Trump himself is categorized, others regard the movement known as Trumpism as supported by,[13] if not a rebranding of, paleoconservatism. From this view, the followers of the Old Right did not fade away so easily and continue to have significant influence in the Republican Party and the entire country.[14]
- ^ Raimondo 1993.
- ^ Rockwell, Lew. "The Case for Paleo-libertarianism" (PDF). Liberty (January 1990): 34–38. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 7, 2018. Retrieved January 28, 2020.
- ^ De Coster, Karen (December 2, 2003). "Paleolibertarianism". LewRockwell.com. Archived September 27, 2018, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved January 28, 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
SPLwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Greenberg, David (December 11, 2016). "An Intellectual History of Trumpism". Politico.
- ^ "Who coined the term "paleoconservative"". Scholarly Community Encyclopedia.
- ^ Gottfried 1993.
- ^ Gottfried 2006.
- ^ Scotchie 2017.
- ^ Foley 2007, p. 318.
- ^ Hawley 2017, p. 129.
- ^ a b Hawley 2017, p. 29.
- ^ Drolet, Jean-Francois; Williams, Michael (2019). "The view from MARS: US paleoconservatism and ideological challenges to the liberal world order". International Journal. 74 (1): 18. doi:10.1177/0020702019834716. S2CID 151239862.
- ^ Morris, Edwin Kent (December 24, 2018). "Inversion, Paradox, and Liberal Disintegration: Towards a Conceptual Framework of Trumpism". New Political Science. 41 (1): 21. doi:10.1080/07393148.2018.1558037. S2CID 149978398.