Paofu

Paofu
Men and women dressed in jiaolingpao (cross-collar robe), Han Tomb Mural, Luoyang
Zhao Mengfu wearing a yuanlingpao (round collar robe), dated 1296.
Chinese name
Chinese袍服
Literal meaningGown or robe
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinPáofú
Pao
Chinese袍
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinPáo
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutpingpou4
Korean name
Hangul포
Hanja袍
Transcriptions
Revised RomanizationPo
English name
EnglishRobe/ Chinese robe

Paofu (Chinese: 袍服; pinyin: páofú; lit. 'robe'), also known as pao (Chinese: 袍; pinyin: páo; lit. 'robe')[1][2]: 90  for short, is a form of a long, one-piece robe in Hanfu, which is characterized by the natural integration of the upper and lower part of the robe which is cut from a single fabric.[3] The term is often used to refer to the jiaolingpao and the yuanlingpao.[2]: 90  The jiaolingpao was worn since the Zhou dynasty[1] and became prominent in the Han dynasty.[4]: 13  The jiaolingpao was a unisex, one-piece robe;[5]: 234  while it was worn mainly by men, women could also wear it.[4]: 12  It initially looked similar to the ancient shenyi; however, these two robes are structurally different from each other.[4]: 10–13  With time, the ancient shenyi disappeared while the paofu evolved gaining different features in each succeeding dynasties; the paofu continues to be worn even in present day.[4]: 14  The term paofu refers to the "long robe" worn by ancient Chinese,[4]: 15 [6]: 217 [7] and can include several form of Chinese robes of various origins and cuts, including Changshan, Qipao, Shenyi, Tieli, Zhisun, Yesa.

  1. ^ a b Bonds, Alexandra B. (2008). Beijing opera costumes : the visual communication of character and culture. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press. pp. 52–54. ISBN 978-1-4356-6584-2. OCLC 256864936.
  2. ^ a b Burkus, Anne Gail (2010). Through a forest of chancellors : fugitive histories in Liu Yuan's Lingyan ge, an illustrated book from seventeenth-century Suzhou. Yuan, active Liu. Cambridge, Mass. ISBN 978-1-68417-050-0. OCLC 956711877.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference :10 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b c d e Hua, Mei; 华梅 (2004). Chinese clothing. 于红. Beijing: China International Press. ISBN 7-5085-0612-X. OCLC 61214922.
  5. ^ Heather, Langford (2009). The textiles of the Han Dynasty & their relationship with society (Thesis). Australia: The University of Adelaide. hdl:2440/64723. OCLC 749107460.
  6. ^ Snodgrass, Mary Ellen (2015). World Clothing and Fashion An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Social Influence. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781317451679.
  7. ^ Zhou, Fang (2019). "On the Differences between the "Paofu" and "Ruqun" Types of Men's Costumes in the Cave Murals of Dunhuang--《Dunhuang Research》". en.cnki.com.cn. Retrieved 2021-04-09.