Papiermark

Papiermark
Mark (German)
100 trillion-ℳ︁ note, 1924 (short scale (US) or 100 billion-ℳ︁ long scale (UK pre-1974, Germany, much of Europe)
Unit
PluralMark
Symbolℳ︁
Denominations
Subunit
1100Pfennig
Plural
PfennigPfennig
Symbol
Pfennig
Banknotes1ℳ︁, 2ℳ︁, 5ℳ︁, 10ℳ︁, 20ℳ︁, 50ℳ︁, 100ℳ︁, 500ℳ︁
1,000ℳ︁, 5,000ℳ︁, 10,000ℳ︁, 20,000ℳ︁, 50,000ℳ︁, 100,000ℳ︁, 200,000ℳ︁, 500,000ℳ︁
1-million-ℳ︁, 2-million-ℳ︁, 5-million-ℳ︁, 10-million-ℳ︁, 20-million-ℳ︁, 50-million-ℳ︁, 100-million-ℳ︁, 500-million-ℳ︁
1-billion-ℳ︁, 5-billion-ℳ︁, 10-billion-ℳ︁, 20-billion-ℳ︁, 50-billion-ℳ︁, 100-billion-ℳ︁, 200-billion-ℳ︁, 500-billion-ℳ︁
1-trillion-ℳ︁, 2-trillion-ℳ︁, 5-trillion-ℳ︁, 10-trillion-ℳ︁, 20-trillion-ℳ︁, 50-trillion-ℳ︁, 100-trillion-ℳ︁
Coins1₰, 2₰, 5₰, 10₰, 50₰ (12ℳ︁)
1ℳ︁, 3ℳ︁, 200ℳ︁, 500ℳ︁
Demographics
ReplacedGerman mark (1871)
Replaced byRentenmark
User(s) German Empire
Germany Weimar Republic
Free City of Danzig
Klaipėda Region
Issuance
Central bankReichsbank
Valuation
Pegged withUnited States dollar = 4.2-trillion-ℳ︁ = RM4.20 (1 trillion short scale (US) or 1 billion long scale (UK pre-1974, Germany, much of Europe) = 1,000,000,000,000)
This infobox shows the latest status before this currency was rendered obsolete.

The Papiermark (German: [paˈpiːɐ̯ˌmaʁk] ; lit. 'paper mark', officially just Mark, sign: ℳ︁) was the German currency from 4 August 1914[1] when the link between the Goldmark and gold was abandoned, due to the outbreak of World War I.[2] In particular, the Papiermark was the currency issued during the hyperinflation in Germany of 1922 and 1923.[3]

  1. ^ Knapp, George Friedrich (1924), The State Theory of Money, Macmillan and Company, pp. vxi
  2. ^ Patrick Spread (29 December 2022). Economics, Anthropology and the Origin of Money as a Bargaining Counter. Taylor & Francis 2022. p. 290. ISBN 9781000770841.
  3. ^ Randall E. Parker; Robert M. Whaples (2013). Routledge Handbook of Major Events in Economic History. Routledge. p. 372. ISBN 9781135080792.