Parliament of Finland

Parliament of Finland Suomen eduskunta Finlands riksdag
39th Parliament of Finland
Type
Type	Unicameral
History
Founded	9 May 1906; 118 years ago (1906-05-09)
Preceded by	Diet of Finland
Leadership
Speaker	Jussi Halla-aho, Finns Party since 21 June 2023
First deputy speaker	Paula Risikko, National Coalition Party since 21 June 2023
Second deputy speaker	Tarja Filatov, Social Democratic Party since 12 April 2023
Prime Minister	Petteri Orpo, National Coalition Party since 20 June 2023
Deputy Prime Minister	Riikka Purra, Finns Party since 20 June 2023
Structure
Seats	200
Political groups	Government (109)   National Coalition Party (48)   Finns Party (46)   Swedish People's Party (10)[a]   Christian Democrats (5) Opposition (91)   Social Democratic Party (43)   Centre Party (22)   Green League (13)   Left Alliance (11)   Movement Now (1)   Independent (1)
Committees	17 Grand Constitutional Law Foreign Affairs Finance Audit Employment and Equality Administration Legal Affairs Transport and Communications Agriculture and Forestry Defence Education and Culture Social Affairs and Health Commerce Intelligence Future Environment
Length of term	4 years
Salary	€7,137 monthly[b]
Elections
Voting system	Open list proportional representation
First election	15-16 March 1907
Last election	2 April 2023
Next election	18 April 2027
Meeting place
Parliament House, Helsinki
Website
www.eduskunta.fi/EN/Pages/default.aspx
Constitution
Constitution of Finland
Footnotes
^ Åland Coalition (1) ^ €7,494 for MPs who've worked more than four years, and €7,993 for MPs who've worked for more than 12 years.[1]

Politics of Finland
State Constitution Declaration of Independence Human rights Law enforcement Military
Executive President (list) Alexander Stubb Prime Minister (list) Petteri Orpo Government Ministries (list)
Legislative Parliament Speaker: Jussi Halla-aho
Judiciary General Courts Supreme Court Courts of Appeal District Courts Administrative Courts Supreme Administrative Court Regional Administrative Courts Prosecutor General Chancellor of Justice
Recent elections Presidential: 2006 2012 2018 Parliamentary: 2015 2019 2023 European: 2014 2019 2024
Political parties Social Democratic Party (SDP) Finns Party (PS) National Coalition Party (KOK) Centre Party (KESK) Green League (VIHR) Left Alliance (VAS) Swedish People's Party (RKP) Christian Democrats (KD) Movement Now (LIIK)
Administrative divisions Regions (Maakunnat, Landskap) Sub-regions (Seutukunnat, Ekonomiska regioner) Municipalities (Kunnat, Kommuner) Wellbeing services counties (Hyvinvointialueet, Välfärdsområde)
Foreign relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs Minister: Elina Valtonen Diplomatic missions of / in Finland Ambassadors Politics of the European Union
Finland portal Other countries
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The Parliament of Finland (Finnish: Suomen eduskunta [ˈsuo̯men ˈeduskuntɑ]; Swedish: Finlands riksdag [ˈfinlɑnds ˈriksdɑː(ɡ)]) is the unicameral and supreme legislature of Finland, founded on 9 May 1906.^[2] In accordance with the Constitution of Finland, sovereignty belongs to the people, and that power is vested in the Parliament.^[3] The Parliament consists of 200 members, 199 of whom are elected every four years from 13 multi-member districts electing 6 to 37 members using the proportional D'Hondt method. In addition, there is one member from Åland.

Legislation may be initiated by either the Government or one of the members of Parliament. The Parliament passes legislation, decides on the state budget, approves international treaties, and supervises the activities of the government. It may bring about the resignation of the Finnish Government, override presidential vetoes, and alter the constitution. To make changes to the constitution, amendments must be approved by two successive parliaments, with an election cycle in between, or passed as an emergency law with a 167/200 majority. Most MPs work in parliamentary groups which correspond with the political parties. The Parliament currently comprises nine parliamentary groups. Since the establishment of the Parliament in 1905, the parliamentary majority has been held once by a single party: the Social Democrats in the 1916 election. Thus, for the Government to gain a majority in the Parliament, coalition governments are favored. These are generally formed by at least two of the three historically major parties: the Social Democrats, Centre, and National Coalition. Ministers are often but not necessarily MPs. The Parliament meets in the Parliament House (Finnish: Eduskuntatalo, Swedish: Riksdagshuset), which is located in central Helsinki.

The most recent parliamentary election took place on 2 April 2023. After the 2023 election the Orpo Cabinet was formed by the National Coalition, Finns and Swedish People's parties as well as the Christian Democrats.