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Republic of Chile República de Chile | |||||||||
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| 1891–1925 | |||||||||
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| Capital | Santiago | ||||||||
| Common languages | Spanish | ||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism (official religion) until 1925 | ||||||||
| Government | Unitary quasi-parliamentary republic
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| President | |||||||||
• 1891–1896 | Jorge Montt (first) | ||||||||
• 1925–1925 | Arturo Alessandri Palma (last) | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| 18 September 1891 | |||||||||
| 18 September 1925 | |||||||||
| Currency | Chilean peso | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | CL | ||||||||
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The Parliamentary Era in Chile began in 1891, at the end of the Civil War, and spanned until 1925 and the establishment of the 1925 Constitution. Also called "pseudo-parliamentary" period or "Parliamentary Republic", this period was thus named because it established a quasi-parliamentary system based on the interpretation of the 1833 Constitution following the defeat of President José Manuel Balmaceda during the Civil War. As opposed to a "true parliamentary" system, the executive was not subject to the legislative power but checks and balances of executive over the legislature were weakened. The President remained the head of state but its powers and control of the government were reduced. The Parliamentary Republic lasted until the 1925 Constitution drafted by President Arturo Alessandri and his minister José Maza. The new Constitution created a presidential system, which lasted, with several modifications, until the 1973 coup d'état.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Chile temporarily resolved its border disputes with Argentina with the Boundary treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina, the Puna de Atacama Lawsuit of 1899 and the Cordillera of the Andes Boundary Case, 1902.