Parmar (clan)

Parmar, also known as Panwar is a Rajput clan[1] found in Northern and Central India, especially in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and North Maharashtra. The Panwar ruled in Ujjain[2][3] and later in Dhar.[4]

The clan name is also used by Kōḷīs,[5][6][7][8] Garoḍās, Līmaciyā Valands, Mōcīs, Tūrīs, Luhārs, Kansārās, Darajīs, Bhāvasārs, Cūnvāḷiyās, Ghañcīs, Harijans, Sōnīs, Sutārs, Dhobīs, Khavāsas, Rabārīs, Āhīrs, Meos, Sandhīs, Pīñjārās, Vāñjhās, Dhūḷadhōyās, Rāvaḷs, Vāgharīs, Bhīls, Āñjaṇās, Mer and Ḍhēḍhs.[9]

  1. ^
    • Maya Unnithan-Kumar (1997). Identity, Gender, and Poverty: New Perspectives on Caste and Tribe in Rajasthan. Berghahn Books. p. 135. ISBN 978-1-57181-918-5. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
    • Singh, Virbhadra (1994). The Rajputs of Saurashtra. Popular Prakashan. p. 44. ISBN 9788171545469.
    • Nandini Chatterjee (2020). Land and Law in Mughal India: A Family of Landlords across Three Indian Empires. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-1-108-48603-3. One such Rajput dynasty was that of the Paramaras of Malwa
    • Brajadulal Chattopadhyaya (2006). Studying Early India: Archaeology, Texts and Historical Issues. Anthem. p. 116. ISBN 978-1-84331-132-4. The period between the seventh and the twelfth century witnessed gradual rise of a number of new royal-lineages in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, which came to constitute a social-political category known as 'Rajput'. Some of the major lineages were the Pratiharas of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and adjacent areas, the Guhilas and Chahamanas of Rajasthan, the Caulukyas or Solankis of Gujarat and Rajasthan and the Paramaras of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
    • David Ludden (2013). India and South Asia: A Short History. Oneworld Publications. pp. 88–. ISBN 978-1-78074-108-6. By contrast in Rajasthan a single warrior group evolved called Rajput (from Rajaputra-sons of kings): they rarely engaged in farming, even to supervise farm labour as farming was literally beneath them, farming was for their peasant subjects. In the ninth century separate clans of Rajputs Cahamanas (Chauhans), Paramaras (Pawars), Guhilas (Sisodias) and Caulukyas were splitting off from sprawling Gurjara Pratihara clans...
  2. ^ Benett, William Charles. Gazetteer of the Province of Oudh Vol-2 -- H. to M.
  3. ^ Service, Tribune News. "Pivot of state's history—Tehri Garhwal". Tribuneindia News Service. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  4. ^ Russell 1916, pp. 334–336.
  5. ^ Roy, Dr. Shibani (1983). Koli Culture: A Profile of the Culture of Talpad Vistar. New Delhi, India: Cosmo Publication. pp. 98: Koli clans such as Parmar, Dabhi, Rathod, Chudasma, Jhinjhuvadia.
  6. ^ Tambs-Lyche, Harald (31 December 1996). Power, Profit, and Poetry: Traditional Society in Kathiawar, Western India. New Delhi, India: Manohar Publishers & Distributors. pp. 130: Thus a Baria Koli is totally distinct from a Talabda Koli and their clans name are like Vaghela or Parmar. ISBN 978-81-7304-176-1.
  7. ^ Shah, Ghanshyam (1975). Caste Association and Political Process in Gujarat: A Study of Gujarat Kshatriya Sabha. New Delhi, India: Popular Prakashan. pp. 13: The 1911 Census reports : There are several general ataks in use among Kolis such as Dharala and Talabda and clans Parmar, Vaghela, Dabhi and Shiale.
  8. ^ Lobo, Lancy (1995). The Thakors of North Gujarat: A Caste in the Village and the Region. New Delhi, India: Hindustan Publishing Corporation. pp. 124: the Kolis of Surendranagar and its adjoining districts. A few clans are Karelia, Kambad, Godia, Gohel, Gangadia, Joapra, Jinjhuvadia, Patadia Macwana, Parmar, etc. ISBN 978-81-7075-035-2.
  9. ^ "પરમાર" [Paramāra]. Bhagwadgomandal. GujaratiLexicon.