Parmigianino

Parmigianino
Born
Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola

(1503-01-11)11 January 1503
Died24 August 1540(1540-08-24) (aged 37)
NationalityItalian
Known forPainting, etching
Notable workSelf-portrait in a Convex Mirror
Vision of Saint Jerome
Madonna with the Long Neck
Height1.63 m (5 ft 4 in)
MovementMannerist

Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola (11 January 1503 – 24 August 1540), also known as Francesco Mazzola or, more commonly, as Parmigianino (UK: /ˌpɑːrmɪæˈnn/,[2] US: /-ɑːˈ-/,[3] Italian: [parmidʒaˈniːno]; "the little one from Parma"), was an Italian Mannerist painter and printmaker active in Florence, Rome, Bologna, and his native city of Parma. His work is characterized by a "refined sensuality" and often elongation of forms and includes Vision of Saint Jerome (1527) and the iconic if somewhat anomalous Madonna with the Long Neck (1534), and he remains the best known artist of the first generation whose whole careers fall into the Mannerist period.[4]

His prodigious and individual talent has always been recognised, but his career was disrupted by war, especially the Sack of Rome in 1527, three years after he moved there, and then ended by his death at 37. He produced outstanding drawings, and was one of the first Italian painters to experiment with printmaking himself. While his portable works have always been keenly collected and are now in major museums in Italy and around the world, his two large projects in fresco are in a church in Parma and a palace in a small town nearby. This in conjunction with their lack of large main subjects has resulted in their being less well known than other works by similar artists. He painted a number of important portraits, leading a trend in Italy towards the three-quarters or full-length figure, previously mostly reserved for royalty.

Bardi Altarpiece (1521)
  1. ^ Oil on wood, diameter 24.4 cm; Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.
  2. ^ "Parmigianino". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 2021-09-27.
  3. ^ "Parmigianino". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  4. ^ Hartt, pp. 568–578, 578 quoted