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In linguistics, a paroxytone (Greek: παροξύτονος, paroxýtonos) is a word with stress on the penultimate syllable, that is, the second-to-last syllable,[1]: 121 such as the English word potáto.
In English, most words ending in -ic are paroxytones: músic, frántic, and phonétic but not rhétoric, aríthmetic (noun), and Árabic.
In Italian and Portuguese, most words are paroxytones. In Polish, almost all multisyllabic words are paroxytones except for certain verb conjugations and a few words of foreign origin.
In medieval Latin lyric poetry, a paroxytonic line or half-line is one in which the penultimate syllable is stressed, as in the second half of the verse "Estuans intrinsecus || ira vehementi."
Related concepts are proparoxytone (stress on the antepenultimate (third-to-last) syllable) and oxytone (stress on the penultimate/last syllable).
- ^ Philip Carr (23 June 2008). A Glossary of Phonology. Edinburgh University Press. doi:10.1515/9780748629671. ISBN 978-0-7486-2967-1. OL 37091002M. Wikidata Q124444420.