Patient zero, or the index case, is the first documented patient in a disease epidemic within a population.
Patient zero may also refer to:
- Gaëtan Dugas (1952–1984), once considered to be the initial source of AIDS in North America, and the origin of the term "patient zero"
- Patient Zero (audio drama), 2009, based on the television series Doctor Who
- Patient Zero (film), a 2018 fantasy-horror film
- "Patient Zero" (The Outer Limits), a 2001 television episode
- Patient Zero: A Joe Ledger Novel, 2009, by Jonathan Maberry
- "Patient Zero", a 2000 short story by Tananarive Due
- Patient Zero, a demoscene production by Farbrausch
- Patient 0, an album by American deathcore band Enterprise Earth (together with the title track "Patient Zero")
- "Patient Zero", a song by Hammerfall from the album Infected
- "Patient Zero", a song by Aimee Mann from the album Mental Illness
- Patient Zero, a campaign in the 2016 video game Hitman