| Peptidyl transferase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 2.3.2.12 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 9059-29-4 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The peptidyl transferase center (EC 2.3.2.12) is an aminoacyltransferase ribozyme (RNA enzyme) located in the large subunit of the ribosome. It forms peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids during the translation process of protein biosynthesis.[1] It is also responsible for peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis, allowing the release of the synthesized peptide chain at the end of translation.[2] Peptidyl transferase activity is not mediated by any ribosomal proteins, but entirely by ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The peptidyl transferase center is a significant piece of evidence supporting the RNA World hypothesis.[2]
In prokaryotes, the 50S (23S component) ribosomal subunit contains the peptidyl transferase center and acts as a ribozyme. The peptidyl transferase center on the 50S subunit lies at the lower tips (acceptor ends) of the A- and P- site tRNAs.[3]: 1062
In eukaryotes, the 60S (28S component) ribosomal subunit contains the peptidyl transferase center and acts as the ribozyme.
Peptidyl transferases are not limited to translation, but there are relatively few enzymes with this function.[citation needed]