Perovskite nanocrystal

Perovskite nanocrystals are a class of semiconductor nanocrystals, which exhibit unique characteristics that separate them from traditional quantum dots.^[2][3][4][5] Perovskite nanocrystals have an ABX₃ composition where A = cesium, methylammonium (MA), or formamidinium (FA); B = lead or tin; and X = chloride, bromide, or iodide.^[6]

Their unique qualities largely involve their unusual band-structure which renders these materials effectively defect tolerant or able to emit brightly without surface passivation. This is in contrast to other quantum dots such as CdSe which must be passivated with an epitaxially matched shell to be bright emitters. In addition to this, lead-halide perovskite nanocrystals remain bright emitters when the size of the nanocrystal imposes only weak quantum confinement.^[7][8] This enables the production of nanocrystals that exhibit narrow emission linewidths regardless of their polydispersity.

The combination of these attributes and their easy-to-perform synthesis^[9][10] has resulted in numerous articles demonstrating the use of perovskite nanocrystals as both classical and quantum light sources with considerable commercial interest. Perovskite nanocrystals have been applied to numerous other optoelectronic applications^[11][12] such as light emitting diodes,^{[13][14][15][16][17][18]} lasers,^[19][20] visible communication,^[21] scintillators,^[22][23][24] solar cells,^[25][26][27] and photodetectors.^[28]