Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

PPARG
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1FM6, 1FM9, 1I7I, 1K74, 1KNU, 1NYX, 1PRG, 1RDT, 1WM0, 1ZEO, 1ZGY, 2ATH, 2F4B, 2FVJ, 2G0G, 2G0H, 2GTK, 2HFP, 2HWQ, 2HWR, 2I4J, 2I4P, 2I4Z, 2OM9, 2P4Y, 2POB, 2PRG, 2Q59, 2Q5P, 2Q5S, 2Q61, 2Q6R, 2Q6S, 2Q8S, 2QMV, 2VSR, 2VST, 2VV0, 2VV1, 2VV2, 2VV3, 2VV4, 2XKW, 2YFE, 2ZK0, 2ZK1, 2ZK2, 2ZK3, 2ZK4, 2ZK5, 2ZK6, 2ZNO, 2ZVT, 3ADS, 3ADT, 3ADU, 3ADV, 3ADW, 3ADX, 3AN3, 3AN4, 3B0Q, 3B0R, 3B1M, 3B3K, 3BC5, 3CDP, 3CDS, 3CS8, 3CWD, 3D6D, 3DZU, 3DZY, 3E00, 3ET0, 3ET3, 3FEJ, 3FUR, 3G9E, 3GBK, 3H0A, 3HO0, 3HOD, 3IA6, 3K8S, 3KMG, 3LMP, 3NOA, 3OSI, 3OSW, 3PBA, 3PO9, 3PRG, 3QT0, 3R5N, 3R8A, 3R8I, 3S9S, 3SZ1, 3T03, 3TY0, 3U9Q, 3V9T, 3V9V, 3V9Y, 3VJH, 3VJI, 3VN2, 3VSO, 3VSP, 3WJ4, 3WJ5, 3WMH, 3X1H, 3X1I, 4A4V, 4A4W, 4CI5, 4E4K, 4E4Q, 4EM9, 4EMA, 4F9M, 4FGY, 4HEE, 4JAZ, 4JL4, 4L96, 4L98, 4O8F, 4OJ4, 4PRG, 4PVU, 4PWL, 4R2U, 4R6S, 4XLD, 4R06, 4Y29, 4XTA, 4XUM, 4YT1, 4XUH, 5F9B, 5AZV
Identifiers
Aliases	PPARG, CIMT1, GLM1, NR1C3, PPARG1, PPARG2, PPARgamma, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, PPARG5
External IDs	OMIM: 601487; MGI: 97747; HomoloGene: 7899; GeneCards: PPARG; OMA:PPARG - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)
End	12,434,356 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 6 (mouse)
End	115,467,360 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	mucosa of transverse colon; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; rectum; ; epithelium of colon; ; mucosa of sigmoid colon; ; right lung; ; testicle; ; urinary bladder; ; gonad; ; Achilles tendon;
	Top expressed in
	brown adipose tissue; ; transitional epithelium of urinary bladder; ; white adipose tissue; ; mucous cell of stomach; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; tunica adventitia of aorta; ; epithelium of stomach; ; pyloric antrum; ; secondary oocyte; ; mammary gland;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; alpha-actinin binding; chromatin binding; prostaglandin receptor activity; core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding; enzyme binding; protein phosphatase binding; metal ion binding; arachidonic acid binding; nuclear receptor coactivator activity; steroid hormone receptor activity; sequence-specific DNA binding; identical protein binding; nuclear receptor activity; DNA-binding transcription factor activity; DNA binding; double-stranded DNA binding; protein C-terminus binding; zinc ion binding; peptide binding; protein self-association; retinoid X receptor binding; protein heterodimerization activity; DNA binding domain binding; LBD domain binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; transcription factor binding; estrogen receptor binding; E-box binding; transcription cis-regulatory region binding; RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; fatty acid binding; lipid binding; signaling receptor activity;
Cellular component	cytosol; RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoplasm; nucleus; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; nucleoplasm; protein-containing complex;
Biological process	negative regulation of cell population proliferation; epithelial cell differentiation; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; transcription, DNA-templated; activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process; response to lipid; placenta development; cellular response to vitamin E; negative regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway; negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride; regulation of fat cell differentiation; cellular response to retinoic acid; glucose homeostasis; negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process; cellular response to hyperoxia; response to estrogen; regulation of cholesterol transporter activity; regulation of circadian rhythm; negative regulation of telomerase activity; signal transduction; cellular response to insulin stimulus; monocyte differentiation; regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; regulation of blood pressure; positive regulation of apoptotic process; positive regulation of fat cell differentiation; negative regulation of cholesterol storage; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; negative regulation of cell growth; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus; animal organ regeneration; positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity; lipoprotein transport; response to metformin; heart development; response to cold; negative regulation of acute inflammatory response; fatty acid oxidation; lipid homeostasis; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; response to vitamin A; innate immune response; response to retinoic acid; cell maturation; cell fate commitment; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway; rhythmic process; response to mechanical stimulus; long-chain fatty acid transport; lipid metabolism; response to caffeine; positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation; response to immobilization stress; positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment; negative regulation of pancreatic stellate cell proliferation; response to starvation; response to organic cyclic compound; regulation of lipid metabolic process; steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway; response to organic substance; response to nutrient; cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; white fat cell differentiation; negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; macrophage derived foam cell differentiation; positive regulation of DNA binding; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; negative regulation of angiogenesis; negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II; negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA; cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus; positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process; negative regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation; negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation; fatty acid metabolic process; multicellular organism development; hormone-mediated signaling pathway; cell differentiation; intracellular receptor signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5468
	19016
	ENSG00000132170
	ENSMUSG00000000440
	P37231
	P37238
NM_005037; NM_015869; NM_138711; NM_138712; NM_001330615;
	NM_001354666; NM_001354667; NM_001354668; NM_001354669; NM_001354670; NM_001374261; NM_001374262; NM_001374263; NM_001374264; NM_001374265; NM_001374266
	NM_001127330; NM_011146; NM_001308352; NM_001308354
NP_001317544; NP_005028; NP_056953; NP_619725; NP_619726;
	NP_001341595; NP_001341596; NP_001341597; NP_001341598; NP_001341599; NP_001361190; NP_001361191; NP_001361192; NP_001361193; NP_001361194; NP_001361195
	NP_001120802; NP_001295281; NP_001295283; NP_035276
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ or PPARG), also known as the glitazone reverse insulin resistance receptor, or NR1C3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group C, member 3) is a type II nuclear receptor functioning as a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the PPARG gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000132170 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000000440 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Greene ME, Blumberg B, McBride OW, Yi HF, Kronquist K, Kwan K, et al. (1995). "Isolation of the human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma cDNA: expression in hematopoietic cells and chromosomal mapping". Gene Expression. 4 (4–5): 281–99. PMC 6134382. PMID 7787419.
^ Elbrecht A, Chen Y, Cullinan CA, Hayes N, Leibowitz MD, Moller DE, Berger J (July 1996). "Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of human peroxisome proliferator activated receptors gamma 1 and gamma 2". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 224 (2): 431–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.1044. PMID 8702406.
^ Michalik L, Auwerx J, Berger JP, Chatterjee VK, Glass CK, Gonzalez FJ, et al. (December 2006). "International Union of Pharmacology. LXI. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors". Pharmacological Reviews. 58 (4): 726–41. doi:10.1124/pr.58.4.5. PMID 17132851. S2CID 2240461.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000132170 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000000440 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid7787419-5] Greene ME, Blumberg B, McBride OW, Yi HF, Kronquist K, Kwan K, et al. (1995). "Isolation of the human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma cDNA: expression in hematopoietic cells and chromosomal mapping". Gene Expression. 4 (4–5): 281–99. PMC 6134382. PMID 7787419.

[pmid8702406-6] Elbrecht A, Chen Y, Cullinan CA, Hayes N, Leibowitz MD, Moller DE, Berger J (July 1996). "Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of human peroxisome proliferator activated receptors gamma 1 and gamma 2". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 224 (2): 431–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.1044. PMID 8702406.

[pmid17132851-7] Michalik L, Auwerx J, Berger JP, Chatterjee VK, Glass CK, Gonzalez FJ, et al. (December 2006). "International Union of Pharmacology. LXI. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors". Pharmacological Reviews. 58 (4): 726–41. doi:10.1124/pr.58.4.5. PMID 17132851. S2CID 2240461.

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