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The Ahmadiyya branch of Islam has been subjected to various forms of religious persecution and discrimination since the movement's inception in 1889.[1] The Ahmadiyya Muslim movement emerged within the Sunni tradition of Islam and its adherents believe in all of the five pillars and all of the articles of faith required of Muslims.[2] Ahmadis are considered non-Muslims by many mainstream Muslims since they consider Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the founder of the movement, to be the promised Mahdi and Messiah awaited by the Muslims.[3][4][5][6]
The Ahmadis are active translators of the Qur'an[7][8][9] and proselytizers for the faith.[10] However, in a number of countries, Ahmadis have faced strong resistance. In many Muslim-majority nations, Ahmadis have been considered heretics and non-Muslim, and subjected to persecution and systematic, sometimes state-sanctioned, oppression.[6][11]
The Second Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan, Ordinance XX and the Twelfth Amendment of AJ&K declare Ahmadis to be non-Muslims and further deprive them of religious rights. Hundreds of Ahmadis were killed in the 1953 Lahore riots and the 1974 Anti-Ahmadiyya riots. The May 2010 Attacks on Ahmadi mosques, infamously known as the Lahore Massacre, resulted in the murder of 84 Ahmadis by suicide attack. The 1974 riots resulted in the largest number of killings of Ahmadis.[citation needed]
- ^ Dhume, Sadanand (December 2017). "Pakistan Persecutes a Muslim Minority". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 2 December 2017. Retrieved 1 December 2017.
- ^ "The Ahmadi Muslim Community. Who are the Ahmadi Muslims and what do they believe? Waqar Ahmad Ahmedi gives a brief introduction to the Ahmadi branch of Islam." Archived 19 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine Times Online. 27 May 2008.
- ^ Naeem Osman Memon (1994). An Enemy a Disbeliever a Liar, Claims of Hadhrat Ahmad. Islam International Publications. ISBN 1-85372-552-8. Archived from the original on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
- ^ B.A Rafiq (1978). Truth about Ahmadiyyat, Reflection of all the Prophets. London Mosque. ISBN 0-85525-013-5. Archived from the original on 15 March 2013. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
- ^ Mirza Tahir Ahmad (1998). Revelation Rationality Knowledge and Truth, Future of Revelation. Islam International Publications. ISBN 1-85372-640-0. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
- ^ a b Lago, Colin, ed. (2011). The Handbook of Transcultural Counselling and Psychotherapy. UK: McGraw-Hill Education (published 1 October 2011). p. 312. ISBN 9780335238514. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
- ^ Bedi, Manokriti (13 November 2013). "Quran's Punjabi translation flies off the shelves". The Times of India. Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 9 September 2018.
- ^ Tahana, Yvonne (14 April 2010). "Koran's message of unity shared in te reo translation". The New Zealand Herald. NZME Publishing, Ltd. Archived from the original on 10 September 2018. Retrieved 9 September 2018.
- ^ Hovel, Revital (28 August 2012). "Muslim Sect Celebrates 25 Years Since Koran Translated into Yiddish". Haaretz. Haaretz Daily Newspaper Ltd. Archived from the original on 31 July 2018. Retrieved 9 September 2018.
- ^ "Who are the Ahmadi?". BBC News. BBC. 28 May 2010. Archived from the original on 30 May 2010. Retrieved 9 September 2018.
- ^ "Localising Diaspora: the Ahmadi Muslims and the problem of multi-sited ethnography". Archived 19 August 2006 at the Wayback Machine Association of Social Anthropologists, 2004 conference panel.