Physical urticaria

Physical urticaria
Physical urticaria
	Physical urticaria, more specifically dermatographism

Physical urticaria is a distinct subgroup of urticaria (hives) that are induced by an exogenous physical stimulus rather than occurring spontaneously.^[1] There are seven subcategories that are recognized as independent diseases.^[2]^[3] Physical urticaria is known to be painful, itchy and physically unappealing; it can recur for months to years.^[4]

^ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. pp. 265, 266, 267–268. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Beate, Henz (2000). "Antihistamines and Alternatives in Physical Urticaria". Dermatologic Therapy.
^ Martina, Kozel; Mekkes, Jan; bossuyt, patrick (October 2001). "Natural course of physical and chronic urticaria and angioedema in 220 patients". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 45 (3): 387–91. doi:10.1067/mjd.2001.116217. PMID 11511835.

[Bolognia-1] Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. pp. 265, 266, 267–268. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.

[:0-2] Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:1-3] Beate, Henz (2000). "Antihistamines and Alternatives in Physical Urticaria". Dermatologic Therapy.

[4] Martina, Kozel; Mekkes, Jan; bossuyt, patrick (October 2001). "Natural course of physical and chronic urticaria and angioedema in 220 patients". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 45 (3): 387–91. doi:10.1067/mjd.2001.116217. PMID 11511835.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]