Pine

This article is about the tree. For other uses, see Pine (disambiguation), Pines (disambiguation), and Pine tree (disambiguation).

Pine
Temporal range: Barremian–Recent
Pinus densiflora (Korean red pine), North Korea
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Gymnospermae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Pinaceae
Subfamily: Pinoideae
Genus: Pinus
L.
Type species
Pinus sylvestris
Subgenera

See List of Pinus species for complete taxonomy to species level. See list of pines by region for list of species by geographic distribution.

Range of Pinus
Synonyms
  • Apinus de Necker ex Rydberg
  • Caryopitys Small
  • Cembra Opiz
  • Ducampopinus Chevalier
  • Haploxylon (Koehne) Komarov
  • Leucopitys Nieuwland
  • Pinea Wolf ex Opiz
  • Strobus (Sweet ex Spach) Opiz

A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus Pinus (/ˈpaɪnəs/)[1] of the family Pinaceae. Pinus is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae.

World Flora Online accepts 187 species names of pines as current, with additional synonyms, making it the largest family among the conifers.[2] The American Conifer Society (ACS) and the Royal Horticultural Society accept 121 species. The highest species diversity of pines is found in Mexico.[3][4][5] Pines are widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere; they occupy large areas of boreal forest, but are found in many habitats, including the Mediterranean Basin.

The timber from pine trees is called "pine"; it is one of the most extensively used types of timber. There are currently 818 named cultivars (or trinomials) recognized by the ACS.[6] It is a well-known type of Christmas tree.

  1. ^ "Pinus". Medical Definition of PINUS. Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary.
  2. ^ "Pinus (L.)". World Flora Online. The World Flora Online Consortium. 2022. Retrieved 14 August 2022.
  3. ^ Wehenkel, C.; Mariscal-Lucero, S.; Jaramillo-Correa, J.P.; López-Sánchez, C.A. "Genetic diversity and conservation of Mexican forest trees". Forest Service. US Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  4. ^ Farjon, Aljos (1996). "Biodiversity of Pinus (Pinaceae) in Mexico: speciation and palaeo-endemism". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 121 (4): 365–384. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1996.tb00762.x. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  5. ^ Romero-Sanchez, Martin Enrique; Perez-Miranda, Ramiro; Gonzalez-Hernandez, Antonio; Valerio Velasco-Garcia, Mario; Velasco-Bautista, Efraín; Andrés, Flores (2018). "Current and Potential Spatial Distribution of Six Endangered Pine Species of Mexico: Towards a Conservation Strategy". Forests. 9 (12): 767. doi:10.3390/f9120767.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).