Chess is a board game for two players. It is sometimes called international chess or Western chess to distinguish it from related games such as xiangqi (Chinese chess) and shogi (Japanese chess).
Chess is an abstract strategy game that involves no hidden information and no elements of chance. It is played on a chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid. The players, referred to as "White" and "Black", each control sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two bishops, two knights, and eight pawns. White moves first, followed by Black. The game is typically won by checkmating the opponent's king, i.e. threatening it with inescapable capture. There are several ways a game can end in a draw.
The recorded history of chess goes back at least to the emergence of a similar game, chaturanga, in seventh-century India. After its introduction in Persia, it spread to the Arab world and then to Europe. The rules of chess as they are known today emerged in Europe at the end of the 15th century, with standardization and universal acceptance by the end of the 19th century. Today, chess is one of the world's most popular games and is played by millions of people worldwide. (Full article...)
In chess, there is a consensus among players and theorists that the player who makes the first move (White) has an inherent advantage, albeit not one large enough to win with perfect play. This has been the consensus since at least 1889, when the first World Chess Champion, Wilhelm Steinitz, addressed the issue, although chess has not been solved.
Since 1851, compiled statistics support this view; White consistently wins slightly more often than Black, usually achieving a winning percentage between 52 and 56 percent. White's advantage is less significant in blitz games and games between lower-level players, and becomes greater as the level of play rises; however, raising the level of play also increases the percentage of draws. As the standard of play rises, all the way up to top engine level, the number of decisive games approaches zero, and the proportion of White wins among those decisive games approaches 100%. (Full article...)
Rank | Player | Rating |
---|---|---|
1 | Magnus Carlsen | 2831 |
2 | Hikaru Nakamura | 2802 |
3 | Arjun Erigaisi | 2797 |
4 | Fabiano Caruana | 2796 |
5 | Gukesh D | 2794 |
6 | Nodirbek Abdusattorov | 2783 |
7 | Alireza Firouzja | 2767 |
8 | Wei Yi | 2763 |
9 | Ian Nepomniachtchi | 2755 |
10 | Wesley So | 2751 |
11 | Viswanathan Anand | 2751 |
12 | Praggnanandhaa R | 2746 |
13 | Leinier Dominguez | 2741 |
14 | Jan-Krzysztof Duda | 2740 |
15 | Quang Liem Le | 2739 |
16 | Levon Aronian | 2738 |
17 | Maxime Vachier-Lagrave | 2735 |
18 | Shakhriyar Mamedyarov | 2733 |
19 | Hans Niemann | 2733 |
20 | Anish Giri | 2728 |
Index: | A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z (0–9) |
Glossary: | A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
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