Protoceratidae

Protoceratids
Temporal range: Middle Eocene–Early Pliocene[1]
Synthetoceras
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Protoceratidae
Subfamilies, Tribes and Genera

Leptotragulinae

Protoceratinae

Synthetoceratinae

Range of Protoceratidae based on fossil record.

Protoceratidae is an extinct family of herbivorous North American artiodactyls (even-toed ungulates) that lived during the Eocene through Pliocene. While early members of the group were hornless, in later members males developed elaborate cranial ornamentation. They are variously allied with Ruminantia or Tylopoda.[2]

  1. ^ Prothero, D.R. (1998). "Protoceratidae". In Janis, C.M.; Scott, K.M.; Jacobs, L.L. (eds.). Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 431–438. ISBN 0-521-35519-2.
  2. ^ Robson, Selina Viktor; Seale, Brendon; Theodor, Jessica M. (2021-07-29). Louys, Julien (ed.). "The petrosal and basicranial morphology of Protoceras celer". PLOS ONE. 16 (7): e0251832. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251832. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 8321106. PMID 34324518.