Public broadcasting in Indonesia

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Public broadcasting institutions in Indonesia (Indonesian: Lembaga Penyiaran Publik, abbreviated as LPP) currently consists of three separate entities: Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI), Televisi Republik Indonesia (TVRI), and local public broadcasting institutions (Lembaga Penyiaran Publik Lokal or LPPL). The classification is based on Act No. 32 of 2002 on Broadcasting (Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2002 tentang Penyiaran) and followed by Government Regulation No. 11 of 2005 on Broadcasting Provision of Public Broadcasting Institution (Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 11 Tahun 2005 tentang Penyelenggaraan Penyiaran Lembaga Penyiaran Publik).

According to Act No. 32 of 2002, a "public broadcasting institution" is defined as a "legal entity established by the state; independent, neutral, not commercial; and function to provide services for the public benefit".^[1]

Funding for the broadcasters, according to Act No. 32 of 2002, comes from several sources such as broadcasting fee, annual state budget, community contribution and advertisement, as well as other legal efforts related to their broadcasting operation.^[1] While annual budget appropriation for RRI and TVRI are approved by national government and parliament (DPR), annual budget for LPPL are approved by the respective local government and local parliament. RRI and TVRI funding sources outside of the annual budget currently are classified as "non-tax state revenue" and regulated in government regulations.