The pulp and paper industry in Indonesia is a major industry, the country being one of the largest producers of pulp and paper in Asia. The modern industry began in 1922 with the establishment of a paper mill during the Dutch colonial period, and expanded rapidly between 1970 and the late 1990s to fulfill domestic demand and later as an export sector. Following the Asian financial crisis, the industry became more export-oriented and remains a major contributor to Indonesian exports. The industry controls around 10 million hectares of land as part of pulp plantations, with a major environmental footprint and accusations of violence.