Pulse wave velocity

Pulse wave velocity
PurposeTo measure arterial stiffness

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the velocity at which the blood pressure pulse propagates through the circulatory system, usually an artery or a combined length of arteries.[1] PWV is used clinically as a measure of arterial stiffness and can be readily measured non-invasively in humans, with measurement of carotid to femoral PWV (cfPWV) being the recommended method.[2][3][4] cfPWV is highly reproducible,[5] and predicts future cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors.[6][7] It has been recognized by the European Society of Hypertension as an indicator of target organ damage and a useful additional test in the investigation of hypertension.[8]

  1. ^ Nabeel, P. M.; Kiran, V. Raj; Joseph, Jayaraj; Abhidev, V. V.; Sivaprakasam, Mohanasankar (2020). "Local Pulse Wave Velocity: Theory, Methods, Advancements, and Clinical Applications". IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering. 13: 74–112. doi:10.1109/RBME.2019.2931587. ISSN 1937-3333. PMID 31369386. S2CID 199381680.
  2. ^ Laurent S, Cockcroft J, Van Bortel L, Boutouyrie P, Giannattasio C, Hayoz D, et al. (November 2006). "Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications". European Heart Journal. 27 (21): 2588–605. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl254. PMID 17000623.
  3. ^ Van Bortel LM, Laurent S, Boutouyrie P, Chowienczyk P, Cruickshank JK, De Backer T, et al. (March 2012). "Expert consensus document on the measurement of aortic stiffness in daily practice using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity". Journal of Hypertension. 30 (3): 445–8. doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e32834fa8b0. hdl:1765/73145. PMID 22278144.
  4. ^ Townsend RR, Wilkinson IB, Schiffrin EL, Avolio AP, Chirinos JA, Cockcroft JR, et al. (September 2015). "Recommendations for Improving and Standardizing Vascular Research on Arterial Stiffness: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association". Hypertension. 66 (3): 698–722. doi:10.1161/HYP.0000000000000033. PMC 4587661. PMID 26160955.
  5. ^ Wilkinson IB, Fuchs SA, Jansen IM, Spratt JC, Murray GD, Cockcroft JR, Webb DJ (December 1998). "Reproducibility of pulse wave velocity and augmentation index measured by pulse wave analysis". Journal of Hypertension. 16 (12 Pt 2): 2079–84. doi:10.1097/00004872-199816121-00033. PMID 9886900. S2CID 19246322.
  6. ^ Vlachopoulos C, Aznaouridis K, Stefanadis C (March 2010). "Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with arterial stiffness: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 55 (13): 1318–27. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.10.061. PMID 20338492.
  7. ^ Ben-Shlomo Y, Spears M, Boustred C, May M, Anderson SG, Benjamin EJ, et al. (February 2014). "Aortic pulse wave velocity improves cardiovascular event prediction: an individual participant meta-analysis of prospective observational data from 17,635 subjects". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 63 (7): 636–646. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.09.063. PMC 4401072. PMID 24239664.
  8. ^ Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redón J, Zanchetti A, Böhm M, et al. (July 2013). "2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)". Journal of Hypertension. 31 (7): 1281–357. doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000431740.32696.cc. PMID 23817082.