| Pumpokol | |
|---|---|
| Gebèng-ai[1] | |
| Native to | Russia |
| Region | Yenisey |
| Ethnicity | Pumpokols |
| Extinct | 1740[2] |
Dené–Yeniseian?
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | xpm |
xpm | |
| Glottolog | pump1237 |
 The historical, pre-contact range of Pumpokol.[3] | |
Pumpokol (Pumpokol: gebeŋ-aj[1]) is one of the Yeniseian languages, formerly spoken by the Pumpokol people (Gebéŋ). It has been extinct since the 18th century. It shares many features with the ancient Xiongnu[5] and Jie languages,[6] and according to Alexander Vovin, Edward Vajda, and Étienne de la Vaissière, is closely related to them. It is poorly attested, the only available lexicon amounting to about 65 words, and some of them have been identified as being Yugh, not Pumpokol.[7]
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
:1was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "The ASJP Database - Wordlist Pumpokol". asjp.clld.org. Retrieved 2024-08-04.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
:0was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Fortescue, Michael D.; Vajda, Edward J. (2022). Mid-holocene language connections between Asia and North America. Brill's studies in the indigenous languages of the Americas. Leiden ; Boston: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-43681-7.
- ^ Vovin, Alexander (2000). "Did the Xiong-nu speak a Yeniseian language?". Central Asiatic Journal. 44 (1): 87–104. JSTOR 41928223.
- ^ Vovin, Alexander; Vajda, Edward; de la Vaissière, Etienne (2016). "Who Were the *Kjet (羯) and What Language Did They Speak?". Journal Asiatique. 304 (1): 125–144. doi:10.2143/JA.304.1.3146838.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Georgwas invoked but never defined (see the help page).